Exam 8

On roads outside populated areas when the intention is to overtake pedestrians, animals or two wheeled or animal-drawn vehicles, the maneuver must be carried out occupying part or all of the adjacent lane of the roadway, and leaving a lateral separation with the overtaken vehicle of no less than 1.5 meters when overtaking is carried out outside populated areas.

The same will happen when the two-wheeled vehicle wants to overtake another vehicle as in this case, which must also maintain a lateral separation of 1.5 meters or more.

The vertical hazard warning sign P-1 shown in the photograph indicates that we are approaching a crossroads or intersection with right-of-way and where users must yield to other vehicles.

To drive a vehicle, it is obligatory to have in the vehicle two hazard warning triangles and at least one high-visibility reflective vest, which you must put on when you get out of the vehicle. For this reason, it is advisable to carry it inside the vehicle someplace handy in case of any emergency. It is also obligatory for some vehicles, such as passenger cars, to carry a spare tire or a tire repair kit, as well as the necessary tools to change the tire.

Starting at age 65, it is common for the visual capacity of elderly people to deteriorate, decreasing as much as 25% in the elderly population. This vision loss can cause them to not correctly distinguish the colors on traffic lights, especially when the road is very wide, among other negative effects.

Traffic Regulations state that any change in the information that appears on the driver’s license, as well as the bearer’s home address, must be communicated to the Provincial Traffic Department within 15 days counting from the date on which the change occurred.

Road construction traffic signals like those in the image are vertical signs similar to other signs, with the difference being that the background of these signs is yellow and they are used to signal detours or provisional changes due to road works on a section of road.

In this case should be the cyclist who gives way to the green vehicle because this one appears from his right. In this intersection without regulations about the right of way, the general rule should be applied (give way to the vehicles coming from the right side).

Article 121 of traffic regulations states that a disabled person using a wheel chair, with or without motor, traveling at walking speed, can use the shoulder of a highway, or, if the shoulder is not passable or does not exist, on the roadway itself, provided they do so cautiously and following the appropriate road safety rules.

Animal-drawn vehicles, mopeds, bicycles and vehicles for people with reduced mobility are prohibited from driving on dual carriageways and motorways because, due to their characteristics, they cannot reach the minimum speed of 60 kilometers per hour required to drive on these types of roads.

When making a long trip in a vehicle, you should stop to rest for 20 to 30 minutes every 2 hours of driving or every 200 kilometers. In this way, you will prevent getting sleepy or fatigued behind the wheel.

Traffic regulations state that drivers who are performing a reversing or parking maneuver are exempt from wearing a seat belt because the seat belt may become an obstacle in correctly performing these maneuvers. In the case of interurban roads, wearing the seat belt is always obligatory for all occupants of any type of vehicle.

Driving your vehicle for a long period of time at a high speed can be very dangerous for your safety because it accelerates the onset of fatigue in the driver, increases aggressive behaviors and can cause the driver to lose concentration and reaction capacity. It can also make it more difficult to control the vehicle in a dangerous situation.

Whenever you assist someone injured in a traffic accident, you should not move them unless it is absolutely necessary to do so. Call 112 to request medical help and keep the injured from walking, loosen any clothing that obstructs breathing and cover them with clothing or blankets to maintain their body temperature.

The vertical sign R-308 at the top only prohibits vehicle parking, but the restriction or prohibition sign R-307 at the bottom prohibits all road users from both stopping and parking on the side of the road where the sign is placed. The general rule states that you should always obey the more restrictive sign, so you would obey the bottom sign which prohibits stopping and parking.

If you want to reduce the risk of encountering obstacles or other hazards while driving your vehicle, you should use preventive driving techniques, adapting your speed to the needs of each section of road, being prepared to act in the face of anything unexpected, processing the information and signals you encounter on the road, and increasing the safety distance between you and other vehicles when necessary.

When people injured in a traffic accident must be moved to a medical facility and you are not able to call for help or help is taking too long to arrive, in exceptional and especially serious circumstances, you can move them in a private vehicle, such as a car, provided there is no other form of transport and driving smoothly at a moderate speed so as not to worsen the person’s condition.

Among the different factors that can lead to fatigue in the driver of a vehicle, the main and most common one is driving for long periods of time without making stops or taking breaks that are long enough for you to feel refreshed. There are also other causes, such as having poor nutritional habits, drinking alcohol before starting your trip, or not keeping the cabin well-ventilated.

Traffic regulations state that drivers on the road must facilitate, to the extent possible, the merging of other vehicles onto the road, especially if it is a group transport vehicle trying to incorporate into traffic from a designated stop. Specifically on roads in town limits, the other drivers should move to the side if possible, or reduce their speed, in order to facilitate the incorporation of vehicles for group transportation.

Article 39 of the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety establishes that stopping and parking in areas marked for the exclusive use of disabled persons and pedestrian crossings is prohibited.
Said law also establishes that it shall be a serious offense to stop or park in these reserved spaces and may be punished with fines of up to 200 euros.

When marking sections of works on the road, vertical traffic signs such as the one in the image will
have a yellow background. Such signs shall be obeyed by all drivers on a mandatory basis whether or not road workers are present.

The motor oil in your vehicle must be changed periodically according to the vehicle’s maintenance calendar. Once removed, you must dump the oil in a special container for collecting industrial oil. Occasionally, municipal governments will also provide an eco-park where you can dump waste that cannot be disposed of in normal garbage containers. Under no circumstances can you dump this oil into your normal waste bin, since it can cause severe pollution.

The speed limit for mopeds in conventional roads is 45 km/hour. Mopeds are prohibited from driving on motorways, dual carriageways and any other type of road with signage prohibiting entry to mopeds.

Drivers who suffer from depression should always consult a medical specialist before getting behind the wheel so that they can determine if they need to prescribe some treatment to improve perception and reduce insecurity while driving. Under no circumstances should they take tranquilizers or stimulant beverages without consulting a doctor.

If we reach an intersection like the one in the image with two traffic lights, one main and one accessory, the traffic light on the left will regulate the left turn and the straight ahead, while the traffic light on the right with the green arrow will only regulate the right turn. In this case, as the blue vehicle wants to go straight ahead, it must follow the red traffic light on the left and not pass, since the right one will only affect vehicles that want to turn right.

A continuous yellow line markinglocated on the curb of the roadway indicates that stopping and parking is prohibited on the side of the roadway where it is located.
If the prohibition is temporary, it will be indicated by a vertical sign at the beginning of the section.

Traffic regulations state that, if you reach a traffic light for vehicles with a yellow light that is not flashing after the green light turns off, this means that vehicles must stop in front of it just like if it were a fixed red light, except when the vehicle is so close to it when the light turns yellow that it cannot stop in front of it safely.

A yellow zig-zag road mark attached to the edge of the road, located in an area for loading and unloading, indicates that parking is prohibited for all vehicles in general, as this area is reserved for some special use that does not involve the long stay of any vehicle. This road mark will not prohibit the stopping of vehicles so we can stop our vehicle in this area.

The vertical indication sign S-26C panel of upcoming exit indicates, when found on a motorway or dual carriageway, that the next exit is located approximately 300 meters away. If the exit is on the left, the lines would descend from left to right, and the sign would be placed on the left side of the road.

Traffic accidents caused by the driver’s sleepiness or fatigue can be avoided by making a stop in a permitted place to sleep and rest every two hours or every 200-300 kilometers. Under no circumstances should you speed up because this will not prevent fatigue and will endanger you and your passengers.

Consumption of drugs by people who are going to get behind the wheel of a vehicle severely affects their safety and the safety of all users of the road, because their behaviour at the wheel will be negatively impacted after ingesting them. Among other effects, their perception of reality will be altered, they will suffer from more distractions and their reaction time will increase, taking longer to react and execute manoeuvres.