Exam 38اِگزیم

When at a junction or intersection you encounter vertical signs with different instructions on your left and right sides, those drivers who wish to turn left or continue straight must obey only the signs or traffic lights to the left, while those who wish to turn right must follow the ones on the right. So, the blue vehicle, which wants to make a right turn, must obey the vertical yield sign.

A fine and vehicle immobilization: Correct
In many countries, including Spain, the owner of an uninsured car can face both a fine and the immobilization of the vehicle. This is because driving without insurance is a serious violation of traffic laws, as it poses a risk to both the driver and other road users in the event of an accident. The vehicle may be immobilized to prevent it from being used until proper insurance is obtained.
A fixed fine of 300: While a fine of around 300 might be imposed, it is not the only penalty. The fine is often accompanied by other measures, such as vehicle immobilization, to ensure that the car does not continue to be driven without insurance.
A fine and loss of points on their driving license: In many cases, driving without insurance does not result in a loss of points on the driving license, though the fine is still applicable. Points are usually deducted for other offenses such as speeding or running red lights.

Traffic regulations state that you may flash your low-beam or high-beam lights, day or night, at very short intervals in order to avoid a potential accident, especially in narrow roads with many curves. If you flash your lights, you must always avoid blinding vehicles traveling in the opposite direction.

A flashing red light, or two alternately flashing red lights located on a traffic signal at the beginning of a level crossing, will temporarily prohibit the passage of vehicles.

This type of traffic light can also be found at the entrance to a movable bridge or pontoon ferry.

The refusal to submit to an alcohol or narcotic test when required to do so by the competent authority in a police control is punishable under criminal law.

That is why if the authorities require us to take a drug test we are obliged to submit to it under the same conditions as if it were an alcohol test.

The driver who wishes to turn right shall first check that he can make such a turn safely and that the traffic on the road allows it.

Once checked and before starting the manoeuvre, he shall signal his intention with the right turn indicator or, failing that, with his left arm in a 90° angle position with his hand upwards.

Drowsiness causes the driver of a vehicle to increase his reaction time to a possible unexpected event, increasing the seconds it takes to make decisions and making more mistakes due to lack of concentration while driving. In addition, under the effects of sleep, the movements and manoeuvres made by the driver will be slower and more imprecise, tending to be more automatic.

The interior lighting is designed to light the vehicle’s cabin in a way that does not cause glare or bother other road users. The light should be white, and it is not recommended to use it when driving at night because the contrast of the light inside the vehicle and the darkness outside can distort your vision and be very dangerous for driving.

In the road shown in the image, drivers of cycles and mopeds, animal-drawn vehicles, special vehicles with maximum authorized mass no greater than 3500 kg, and vehicles for people with reduced mobility, in the case that there is no road or part of a road that is specifically designated for them, will drive on the right shoulder, if it is passable and sufficient for each of these vehicles, and, if it is not, using the essential part of the roadway.

The driver of an automobile or special vehicle driving on a two-way road in which the lanes are not delineated with road markings, it is obligatory to drive in the right lane, as close as possible to the edge of the roadway and always maintaining a safe distance, especially around curves.

When it is double parked without a driver: Correct
A double-parked vehicle, meaning a vehicle parked alongside another parked vehicle (usually blocking a lane or causing congestion), can significantly disrupt the flow of traffic. If the vehicle has no driver, it blocks the road entirely, causing further delays and potentially creating a hazardous situation for other drivers. This is why it’s considered a serious obstacle to traffic flow.
When it is done in a space meant for loading or unloading outside of its designated time: Parking in a loading zone during times not meant for loading/unloading is a violation, but it doesn’t always cause a serious obstacle to traffic unless it happens frequently or at peak times. It can be disruptive but not necessarily as significant as double parking without a driver.
When parking time exceeds 15 minutes: The parking duration itself isn’t necessarily the problem unless it exceeds the allowed time limit for a particular area. Parking for more than 15 minutes may be an issue, but it does not inherently create a serious obstacle unless combined with other factors (e.g., blocking lanes).

In case we find on the road two traffic signs that seem to contradict each other, we must always obey the one that is more restrictive.
In case they are equally restrictive, the order of priority will be the following:
Signals and orders of the authorities or traffic agents.
Circumstantial signalling (such as works), which modifies in a certain time the normal regime of use of the road and signs of fixed beaconing.
Traffic lights.
Vertical traffic signs.
Horizontal signs or road markings.

The human costs arising from a road traffic accident shall include those representing the value of the loss of enjoyment of life or health of the victim, as well as the pain, distress and suffering of the victim and his or her relatives. Thus, human costs are those associated with the suffering inflicted by traffic accidents on victims, and therefore the most difficult to assess.

Some medicines used to combat a cold or flu, such as antihistamines, due to their composition and sedative effect, may have a negative influence on the driving of a vehicle as they may cause drowsiness or fatigue to the driver of the vehicle.

When a vertical sign is located behind or in the same place than an entering town sign, it means that this limitation applies throughout the locality. In this case it’s forbidden to park in all the town.

If you encounter a solid red light on a traffic light, as in the image, this prohibits vehicles from passing through on the road where it is located, and vehicles must not pass the light or the nearest stopping line before it. So, the blue vehicle must stop before the stopping line in the image until the light turns green, when it may pass. Under no circumstances should it stop in the middle of the intersection, blocking the way.

Traffic regulations place the responsibility directly on the owner of the vehicle for carrying out the required technical inspections in the established time frame, and for maintaining the validity of the MOT card or certificate.

When you are driving your vehicle between sunset and sunrise on the roadway of a poorly lit cross¬ town road, such as the one in the image, you must have your position lights turned on to be seen by the other road users, and the low-beam headlights to see better in the poor lighting. It is completely prohibited to use high-beam headlights on urban roads and cross-town roads, even if they are poorly lit.

The vertical entry restricted sign R-200 indicates that it is prohibited for all vehicles to pass through the section of road where the sign is located without first stopping. This sign may be found at customs or police checkpoints or tollbooths, for example, and these sections of road may have mechanical stopping devices installed in addition to the sign.

In the absence of signage regulating right of way at an intersection, article 212 of road safety regulations states that drives are obligated to yield to and facilitate passing of vehicles that approach from their right. There are exceptions, such as in the case of vehicles traveling on rails, which will always have priority over other road users.

People who frequently change the times that they usually dedicate to sleep or rest have a greater risk of drowsiness at the wheel. This is the case, for example, in people with rotating shifts at work.

Furthermore, sleep during the day is not as restorative, and this can result in microsleeps at the wheel.

If you suffer from respiratory allergies and you are going to drive a vehicle, you should always take the precaution of driving with the windows closed, especially in the springtime, because pollen can come in through open windows, triggering symptoms like sneezing and itchy eyes that negatively impact your ability to drive.

On dual carriageways, motorways and urban roads, the distance must be enough to prevent you from colliding with the vehicle in front of you in case of sudden braking.

The vertical end of prohibition or restriction sign R-500 indicates the point on the road that marks the end of all specific prohibitions established by previous signs for all vehicles in motion.

Driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol can be considered a crime if you exceed the limits established by law. In article 379, the Penal Code includes anyone who drives a motor vehicle or a moped under the influence of toxic, narcotic, or psychotropic drugs or alcoholic drinks, in the case of alcohol, when exceeding a rate of 0.60 mg per litre of expelled air.

When you are driving your vehicle on a road affected by fog, you should always adapt your speed to the current atmospheric conditions, since visibility of the road is reduced with fog. Your tires can also lose traction with the road because the fog makes the asphalt wet, making it more slippery and less adherent.

Even if we have priority of passage, we must not enter a junction if we can foreseeably stay inside, hindering cross traffic. The right thing to do is to wait until the vehicles in front of us have moved away and the crossing is clear.

Of the different population groups, children and the elderly as pedestrians have a greater risk of being involved in a traffic accident. This is because the elderly sometimes have more difficulty perceiving their surroundings, and children tend to be more careless and pay less attention to traffic rules.

When you witness a traffic accident and you are assisting injured people, under no circumstances should you give the injured anything to eat or drink even if they ask for it, and you should also not give them medications until medical professionals arrive.