Exam 48

A series of short and frequent whistle blows by a traffic officer will order all approaching vehicles to stop. To resume traffic, the officer will blow a long, drawn-out whistle.

When children are near the road, we must slow down and stop if necessary. It is difficult to control the activity of a child, for example, he could invade the road quickly and without any precautions, so we must be prepared to act if this happens.

The vertical sign of indication S-29 that we see in the image, inform all the drivers that we have reached the end of a residential road and that from this moment on the general traffic rules apply again.

The TS-53 sign you see in the image indicates that a lane on the left side has been reduced and soon the cars in that lane will have to merge into another lane on the right side of the road.

The fact that the background of the sign is yellow indicates that the obligation is due to the fact that the section is affected by roadworks.

Drivers of any vehicle may not exceed a blood alcohol level of 0.3 grams per litre or an alcohol in exhaled air level of 0.15 milligrams per litre for two years after obtaining their first permit or licence to drive. As in this case you already have a two-year licence, the maximum general alcohol level of 0.25 milligrams per litre of exhaled air will be used.

In Spain, the following vehicles between others may be driven with a class B driver’s license:
• Mopeds .
• Vehicles adapted for handicapped persons.
• Special non-agricultural vehicles, or combinations thereof, with a maximum authorized speed of less than 40 kilometers per hour and a MMA of less than 3,500 kilograms.
• Motor tricycles and quadricycles.
It is not necessary to have a minimum riding experience to drive any of these vehicles with class B driving license.

Traffic regulations state that automobiles towing a trailer up to 750 kilograms (light trailer) may not exceed a maximum speed of 90 kilometers per hour on motorways and dual carriageways. If they are towing a trailer whose M.A.M is more than 750 kilograms (non-light trailer), the maximum speed at which they can drive on this type of road is 80 kilometers per hour.

If you have a major technical repair or reform made to your vehicle that alters its characteristics, before driving on public roads, you must pass a technical inspection that certifies that the vehicle meets safety and environmental requirements, thus legalizing the change made to the vehicle. This inspection can only be done at an official vehicle inspection (ITV) station, never at an authorized workshop.

A traffic light for vehicles with a fixed red light prohibits passage of all vehicles while it is lit. Vehicles must stop before the light’s stop line without passing it, and if there is no line, at the traffic light without passing it.

Traffic regulations state in article 65 that drivers have right of way in their vehicles over pedestrians, except when they are going to turn the vehicle onto another road and there are pedestrians crossing it, even if there is no designated crosswalk there. In this case, the pedestrians will have right of way, and you must always yield to them.

Driving with shock absorbers that are defective or in poor condition will increase the risk of having an accident for the driver and passengers of the vehicle. Also, it will increase the braking distance because there is no certainty that the wheels will be in constant contact with the roadway, you will experience instability when braking and uneven wear on the tires.

In the case of drivers of vehicles designed for transport of goods with a maximum authorized mass greater than 3500 kilograms, vehicles designed for transport of passengers with more than nine seats, or public service, school or child transport, transport of dangerous goods, or emergency service or special transportation, drivers may not drive with a blood alcohol level above 0.3 grams per litre, or above 0.15 milligrams per litre of exhaled air.

Among the diverse effects caused by distractions at the wheel are the driver’s increased reaction time, taking more time to receive and process the necessary information to drive safely, an altered safety distance with other vehicles, and changes in speed, with a tendency to drive slower than they should.

In the absence of a sign regulating the right-of-way, the law determines that the driver is obliged to yield the right-of-way to vehicles approaching from the right, except under certain circumstances:
Vehicles traveling on a paved road shall have the right of way over vehicles coming from an unpaved road.
Vehicles traveling on rails have the right of way over other road users.
In the traffic circles, those who are inside the circular road will have the right of way over those who intend to access them.

When you park in an up gradient you should put the parking brake and select the first gear if it’s an up gradient, and the reverse gear in a descendant gradient.

The vertical obligation sign R-413 shown in the image requires all drivers to turn on at least their low- beam headlights, regardless of the conditions of visibility and lighting on the road, from the point where the sign is located until you encounter an end of obligation sign.

The vertical entry prohibited sign R-114 prohibits entry to the road where the sign is found for cycles. It does not prohibit entry for other vehicles, with or without a motor.

The S-800 add-on panel that accompanies this right-hand vertical hazard curve signal indicates the distance from the location of the signal to where the hazard begins or the vertical signal prescription begins. In case it is placed under the warning sign of danger narrowing of the road, it can indicate the free width of this narrowing.

When driving with insufficient tire pressure, tires wear more and more unevenly, because the wear occurs more on the sides than in the center of the tire. In addition, a tire that is too low in pressure increases fuel consumption. In the case of overinflated tires, wear occurs in the center.

The use of mobile phones while driving, whether you use a hands-free device or not, causes a visual, audio and cognitive distraction that can be very dangerous for road safety, leading to an increased risk of accident. This is why you should always avoid handing a phone while you drive.

The pedestrians using a wheel chair or a vehicle for people with reduced mobility must drive on the right shoulder, if it’s usable and wide enough, and if this doesn’t exist or it’s too narrow, the will drive at the right edge of the roadway. Remember pedestrians can’t drive in motorways and dual carriageways.

Drugs that affect driving include analgesics. This type of painkillers used to treat headaches, for example, can cause drowsiness, reduced ability to concentrate and react, as well as dizziness.
Under no circumstances we should mix these analgesics with alcohol as their negative effects on driving can be multiplied.

Circumstances that promote fatigue in the driver of a vehicle include driving for long periods of time without making a stop or only taking inadequate breaks, poor nutrition, having alcohol or heavy meals, and poor ventilation of the inside of the vehicle.

In a two-way three lane road, the vehicles must drive in the right lane of traffic, using the middle lane to overtake or turn left.

Rear view mirrors of the vehicle must be used often while driving and not only when performing manoeuvres. It’s important to know at any time what we have in front, on the sides and in the rear of the car.

It is totally forbidden to ingest amphetamines before taking control of a vehicle, as these produce a sense of euphoria in the driver, delaying the onset of sleep, diminishing the sensation of fatigue and producing a false sense of control and security when driving. It can also cause the driver to behave violently and in a way that is incomprehensible to the rest of the drivers, which is why we cannot consume them even if they are part of a medical treatment.

With the same pharmacological treatment, two different drivers may respond differently, since other factors or the driver’s personal situation, such as fatigue, physical condition or taking it on an empty stomach, can make the effects or response to medications vary. Therefore, they will always affect people differently and you cannot completely predict the effects they will have.

General indication sign S-127 indicates the place, within a highway or freeway, where a service area is located with the services indicated on the same panel: In this case a rest area, restaurant, hotel or motel and fuel pump.

This vertical sign indicates that this road is compulsory for automobiles, excepting motorcycles without sidecar.

The vertical sign S-9 “Recommended speed range” is an indication sign that recommends maintaining the speed between the indicated values, provided that the weather and environmental conditions of the road and traffic are favourable.