Exam 60اِگزیم

The vertical overtaking prohibited sign R-305 shown in the image indicates that all vehicles are forbidden from overtaking motor vehicles driving on that road, except in the case of two-wheeled motorcycles, which can be overtaken as long as you do not invade the lane reserved for traffic in the opposite direction. So, in this case, neither of the passenger cars may overtake starting from the vertical sign.

Whenever you drive your vehicle on a road where it is snowing heavily, you should follow a series of recommendations due to the possibility of getting stuck in the snow: drive with a full tank in case you get stuck for several hours, bring warm clothes and blankets and make sure you have a flashlight, water and food in case you have to spend the night in the vehicle, especially if you are traveling with children.

The vertical prohibition or restriction sign R-308C shown in the image prohibits parking on the side of the road on which the sign is located from 9:00 am on the 1st of each month until 9:00 am on the 16th of the same month. This sign does not prohibit stopping, and the prohibition begins at the location of the sign and extends to the next intersection. This vertical sign does not prohibit stopping, just parking.

If you are stressed behind the wheel, your behavior tends to be more competitive, aggressive or hostile and you may react with impatience and impulsiveness. That is why if you are feeling very stressed you should avoid driving until your situation improves and you feel better.

The main function of the airbag as a passive safety element is to reinforce and increase the effectiveness of the seat belt by preventing the occupants from hitting parts of the vehicle and slowing down their bodies when the seat belt can no longer restrain them. In no case will the airbag be used alone, but will always be a complement to the seat belt.

When making a left turn on a two-way road like this one, you will cross the path of vehicles approaching from the opposite direction, so you must stop to let them pass. Once you are sure that no vehicles are coming from the opposite direction, you may make the left turn at 90° from your lane, without obstructing the area intended for the opposite direction.

The vertical sign R-308 at the top only prohibits vehicle parking, but the restriction or prohibition sign R-307 at the bottom prohibits all road users from both stopping and parking on the side of the road where the sign is placed. The general rule states that you should always obey the more restrictive sign, so you would obey the bottom sign which prohibits stopping and parking.

Cyclists have right of way over motor vehicles when they are riding in a designated bike lane, cycle route or shoulder; when they are riding as a group and the first has already begun to enter a roundabout or intersection; or when the motor vehicle is turning right or left onto another road, when permitted, and there are cyclists nearby.

Riders of motorcycles or mopeds are required by law to wear a properly buckled helmet during their entire ride, even on short trips. In an impact scenario, an unbuckled helmet can fly off, leaving the head unprotected and increasing the risk of injury. Also, riding with your helmet unbuckled can be sanctioned by the authorities with a fine of 200 euros and the loss of 3 points from your driving license.

Medians, separators, islands or other elements to channel traffic flow are considered places where stopping or parking is dangerous or a hindrance to traffic flow. Therefore, it is completely forbidden to stop or park in these places.

The R-203 vertical sign that we see in the image indicates that all those vehicles with a length greater than that indicated in the figure in meters, including their cargo and accessories, may not enter the road where the sign is located. Thus, in this case, vehicles longer than 10 meters will not be allowed to enter.

The vertical general instruction sign S-11a in the image indicates that, on the roadway that extends in the direction of the arrows (two lanes in this case), vehicles are required to drive in the direction indicated by the arrows, with travel in the opposite direction being prohibited.

Article 94 of traffic regulations states that it is completely prohibited to park your vehicle in lanes designed for exclusive use of urban public transport, or in those reserved for bicycles, even if it is outside of service hours.

The Road Traffic Regulations strictly prohibit the driver of a vehicle from throwing objects such as a cigarette on or near the roadway that could cause fire or traffic accidents or hinder free movement. This action will be sanctioned with the loss of up to 4 points of our driving licence so we must avoid this type of behaviour.

Hills are places where, as a general rule, it is prohibited to overtake, stop or park your vehicle. You can only overtake if both directions are clearly delineated, there is good visibility, and the manoeuvre can be safely executed without invading oncoming traffic. As the hill in this case has reduced visibility, the requirements are not met and you may NOT overtake, even if the line is dashed.

On two-way, three-lane roads, the center lane is used for overtaking and for turning left.

The vertical prohibited entry sign R-101 shown in the image indicates that, where the sign is located on the road, entry is forbidden to all types of vehicles in that direction.

It is prohibited to make a U-turn in underpasses and sections of road affected by the “tunnel” sign, as well as on motorways and dual carriageways except in authorized locations marked for this purpose, and, in general, on all sections of road in which overtaking is prohibited except when the U-turn is expressly authorized.

No, it is prohibited: Correct
U-turns are generally prohibited on bends where visibility is reduced. This is because making a U-turn in such conditions poses significant risks. Reduced visibility means other drivers may not see the vehicle in time to avoid a collision, especially on a bend where the road curve makes it harder for approaching drivers to anticipate the movement. Therefore, for safety reasons, U-turns should not be performed on such roads.
Yes, at reduced speed: This is incorrect because simply reducing speed does not address the primary issue of visibility, which remains a key factor in preventing accidents.
Yes, provided proper warning is given of the movement: This is incorrect because giving a warning does not mitigate the danger posed by poor visibility on bends. Even with a warning, reduced visibility and the risk of collisions make U-turns in such conditions unsafe.

Stop behind the other vehicles until the barrier has risen fully, allowing them to drive through: Correct
When the barrier at a level crossing is rising, the driver must stop behind the other vehicles and wait until the barrier has risen fully. This is to ensure safety, as attempting to drive through while the barrier is still in motion or partially blocking the crossing can lead to accidents, especially if the train is approaching. The driver must wait until it is safe to cross after the barrier has been fully lifted and the area is clear.
Drive through with the other vehicles, whether the barrier is moving or not: This is incorrect because driving through when the barrier is moving can be dangerous and may lead to accidents. The barrier is there to prevent crossing while trains are passing, and driving through during this time can be risky.
Drive through when there is enough room under the barrier: This is also incorrect. Even if there is space under the barrier, it is not safe to pass while it is in motion. The proper procedure is to wait until the barrier is fully lifted to avoid any risks.

On the right as a general rule: Correct
On a three-lane motorway, the general rule is to travel in the left-hand lane unless overtaking. However, if the right-hand lane is free and there is no traffic congestion, it is appropriate to use the right lane for overtaking or for continuous travel when conditions allow. This ensures smoother traffic flow and safer driving.
In the left-hand lane: This is not necessarily correct because the left-hand lane is primarily meant for overtaking other vehicles. If the right-hand lane is free and you’re not overtaking, it is still acceptable to use the right lane for continuous travel. Staying in the left lane when it’s not needed can block traffic and is not ideal when the right lane is free.
Always on the central lane if the motorway is inside a built-up area: This is incorrect because there is no specific rule that mandates always using the central lane in built-up areas.

Must stop one behind the other in the corresponding lane: Correct
When drivers reach a closed level crossing, they must stop one behind the other in the appropriate lane, as the crossing is closed and no vehicle should block the path or cross the barrier. This ensures safety and avoids obstructing the crossing area, which is essential until the barrier is lifted and it is safe to proceed.
Must warn other drivers with emergency lights: It is incorrect. While using emergency lights can help signal to others that there is an issue, it is not the primary action required at a closed level crossing. The main priority is to stop safely and wait for the crossing to reopen.
Need to turn around and think of an alternative route: It is incorrect. Turning around and looking for an alternative route is not typically required at a closed level crossing. Instead, drivers must stop behind the other vehicles and wait for the barrier to be lifted.

Whenever the vehicle’s tires do not adhere well to the road: Correct
It is mandatory to use chains when the vehicle’s tires do not have sufficient grip on the road, which often happens in snowy or icy conditions. Chains provide extra traction, helping the tires grip the road better, especially when the road is slippery.
Whenever the temperature is below zero degrees Celsius (0°): It is incorrect. Temperature alone does not determine the need for chains. It depends on the road conditions. While temperatures below freezing can contribute to icy conditions, chains are only required when there is a lack of tire traction due to snow or ice.
Whenever it is snowing: It is incorrect. Snow alone does not automatically require the use of chains. The key factor is whether the snow on the road is affecting tire traction. Chains are needed when snow or ice reduces tire grip, not simply because it is snowing.

Must strive to restore or maintain traffic safety: Correct
Any road user involved in a traffic accident is legally and morally required to ensure that traffic safety is maintained. This could involve warning other drivers of the accident, setting up safety triangles, or taking other appropriate measures to prevent further accidents. The main priority is to avoid further harm and ensure safety for everyone involved.
Must immediately move the injured into their vehicle, without waiting for medical aid: This is incorrect because moving injured people without proper medical attention could worsen their condition.
After notifying authorities, should clear obstacles in order to restore traffic flow: This is partially correct but incomplete. While it is important to clear obstacles after notifying authorities, it is not always feasible or safe to do so immediately, especially if it could endanger those involved in the accident or disrupt the ongoing investigation.

Look for a safe place to stop the vehicle and make the phone call: Correct
When a driver needs to make an urgent phone call, the safest option is to pull over to a safe location, such as a rest area, parking lot, or any other area where the vehicle is not obstructing traffic. This ensures that the driver’s full attention is on the phone call and not on the road, avoiding distractions and reducing the risk of accidents.
Reduce speed to talk without danger: It is incorrect. While reducing speed might seem like a safer option than talking at high speed, it still involves a level of distraction. The driver is not fully focused on the road, which increases the risk of an accident, even at lower speeds.
Stop the vehicle anywhere to make the phone call: It is incorrect. Stopping the vehicle anywhere can be dangerous, especially if it obstructs traffic or poses a hazard to other road users. Stopping in an unsafe location could lead to accidents, so it is important to find a safe, legal spot to pull over.

The vehicle may veer right: Correct
When entering a bend at high speed, particularly a left-hand bend, the centrifugal force acting on the vehicle pushes it outward, causing it to veer right. This happens because the vehicle struggles to follow the curve due to the excessive speed, and the tires may lose grip on the road. Reducing speed before entering the bend helps maintain control and prevents veering.
Nothing, because it is clearly signalled: The presence of a sign warning about the bend does not prevent the physical effects of high speed. Regardless of signage, entering a bend too quickly can cause the vehicle to lose control and veer off course.
The vehicle may veer left: In this scenario, veering left is unlikely. When entering a bend at high speed, the centrifugal force pushes the vehicle outward, which would make it veer to the right on a left-hand bend.

No, not if they have an alternative system for changing tires: Correct
It is not mandatory for passenger cars to have a spare tire if they are equipped with an alternative system for handling tire-related issues, such as a tire repair kit or run-flat tires. These systems provide a solution for emergencies without needing a spare tire, offering drivers the flexibility to continue their journey safely to a repair shop.
Yes: While carrying a spare tire is a traditional practice, it is no longer a universal requirement for passenger cars. Modern vehicles often come with alternative systems that eliminate the need for a spare tire.
It is only mandatory for those exceeding 3500 kg MAM: This condition applies to vehicles like trucks or vans with a Maximum Authorised Mass (MAM) exceeding 3500 kg, not standard passenger cars. Passenger cars have different regulations regarding spare tires, and alternative systems suffice.

On stretches of road where a tunnel sign applies: Correct
Stopping is prohibited on stretches of road where a tunnel sign applies because tunnels are high-risk areas for vehicles. Stopping before or inside a tunnel can obstruct traffic, create dangerous situations, and block emergency vehicles. Additionally, the ventilation in tunnels may be limited, so stopping in a tunnel can cause harm due to fumes or the risk of a fire. Hence, stopping near tunnels is generally prohibited for safety reasons.
On bends and gradients: Stopping on bends and gradients is not universally prohibited, but it is strongly discouraged. On bends, visibility is often poor, and stopping can pose a hazard to other road users. On gradients, a vehicle might struggle to move again or could roll backward.
On all inter-urban routes: Stopping on all inter-urban routes is not prohibited. While stopping on some inter-urban routes (such as high-speed roads or expressways) may be dangerous and should be avoided, there are often designated places like rest stops, parking areas, or emergency lanes where stopping is allowed.