Exam 11اِگزیم

According to traffic regulations and laws, it is completely prohibited to throw objects of any type onto the road because this can be dangerous and cause inconveniences to other users of the road. This is a punishable action sanctioned with a 200 euros fine and loss of 4 points from your driving license.

Hazard warning triangles must always be placed at the edge of the road at least 50 metres from a damaged vehicle on all types of road. Placing them at a shorter distance will be dangerous for traffic safety because drivers on the road may not see us in time to avoid us.

Wearing a seat belt cuts the risk of death in an accident by half, in addition to protecting occupants from being thrown from their seats and hitting the windshield. Studies have shown that the chances of being seriously injured or killed are 5 times less if the seat belt is worn, and are doubled if it is not worn for occupants in all seats of the car, including the driver and passengers.

The General Vehicle Regulations establish the obligation to carry two warning triangles and at least one high-visibility reflective vest in the vehicle, although it is always advisable to carry two vests.

The horn can only be used to avoid an accident or to signal other users of the road that we are drive in an emergency service with our vehicle. In outside town roads, the horn, can also be used to indicate the preceding vehicle our intention to overtake him.

The Road Traffic Regulations strictly prohibit the driver of a vehicle from throwing objects such as a cigarette on or near the roadway that could cause fire or traffic accidents or hinder free movement. This action will be sanctioned with the loss of up to 4 points of our driving licence so we must avoid this type of behaviour.

If due to an emergency or traffic, your vehicle breaks down or gets stopped inside a tunnel, and you foresee that you will be stuck there for more than two minutes, you should turn off the engine and turn it back on when traffic starts moving again, always leaving the position lights turned on and using your emergency lights.

The driver of a vehicle must always anticipate his intentions before making a manoeuvre, giving a clear warning sufficiently in advance and using light signals as a general rule or possibly with the arm.

Motorcycles may only drive towing a trailer or semi-trailer between sunrise and sunset, when visibility conditions are adequate, and when the unladen mass of the trailer does not exceed 50% of the mass of the towing vehicle (the motorcycle in this case).
On the other hand, it is forbidden for a motorcycle to tow a trailer between sunset and sunrise (at night) even with a low speed.

If we are forced to perform an emergency service with our vehicle, we must tell other users to warn them of this special situation. You can blow the horn and we will have the emergency signal connected.

If you ride your motorcycle in heavy rain, you should moderate your speed, stopping if necessary to give you more time to react to an obstacle. You should also brake gently to prevent the motorcycle’s wheels from locking and be especially careful with road markings painted on the road, as they become very slippery in the rain and our wheels may skid.

The hazard warning sign P-9a in the image indicates that, on the right-hand side, you are approaching a hazard signalled as a level crossing or moveable bridge, and you should use caution and reduce your speed. This sign will always be accompanied by vertical signs P-5 (moveable bridge), P-7 (level crossing with gates) or P-8 (level crossing without gates).

In a driver who ingests them, amphetamines produce a sensation of euphoria, delaying the onset of sleepiness, reducing the sensation of fatigue and causing a false sense of control and security while driving. It can also cause violent conduct in the driver and behavior that is incomprehensible to other drivers.

A flashing traffic light with one or two alternately flashing red lights temporarily prohibits passage. You may encounter them at a level crossing, moving bridge, ferry pontoon, near fire stations or airports.

All motor vehicles and mopeds driving between sunset and sunrise on urban roads or well-lit interurban roads, or at anytime of day in well-lit tunnels, underpasses and sections of road affected by the “tunnel” sign (S-5), must turn on, in addition to the position lights, the low-beam or dipped headlights.

A load which overhangs from the back of a vehicle must always be signaled, both during the day and at night, using a red and white diagonally striped panel that should be placed on the rear-most part of the load, in addition to a red light. During the day, only the striped panel must be used, while the red light is only obligatory at night.

Traffic regulations state that it is not advisable, in general, for vehicles to drive in parallel with two wheeled vehicles such as motorcycles because, in the case of deviation to one side due to wind or any other reason, the motorcycle can lose balance and crash laterally with the vehicle.

Psychoactive drugs, such as anxiolytics, sedatives and antidepressants, are used to treat problems such as sleep disorders, anxiety or depression. When taken by a driver, they can affect the driver’s ability to drive safely, causing a series of negative effects on driving such as drowsiness, increased reaction time or difficult coordinating their movements.

Overtaking other vehicles will always be done on the left as a general rule, except when the vehicle you want to overtake is clearly indicating that they are going to turn left or stop on that side of the road. In this case, overtaking is done on the right.

On all public roads, overtaking other vehicles must be done on the left.
Exceptionally, overtaking on the right may be allowed on roads within built-up areas with at least two lanes for the same direction and delimited with road markings, provided that the driver of the vehicle previously ensures that he can do so without danger to other users.

The tires of a vehicle should always be inflated to the pressure recommended by the manufacture for that type of vehicle. This pressure is determined by the size of each tire, the mass supported by each axle, and the behavior of each type of vehicle.

The best way for a driver to overcome fatigue while driving is to stop in a permitted place, leave the vehicle and take a short walk to stretch the legs and get some fresh air.
Also if it’s necessary the driver should rest and sleep for a while to avoid drowsiness. He should never consume stimulating foods or beverages, such as coffee or alcoholic drinks.

The load protruding from the front of a vehicle shall not be marked during daylight hours, but shall be marked at night or in poor visibility hours, with a white light and a white reflective panel that shall be placed on the protruding part.

All vehicle drivers should moderate their speed when approaching a bus at a stop, especially if it is a school bus with people getting on or off.
Also, drivers should drive more slowly on roads outside of town when approaching vehicles immobilized on the roadway and cycles circulating on the road or on the shoulder.

Traffic regulations state that pedestrians are always required to travel in pedestrian zones except when none exists or it is not feasible, in which case they may travel on the shoulder or the roadway. In areas within town, if no pedestrian zone exists, they may travel on the right or left depending on the specific circumstances of traffic, the road or visibility.

If you reach an intersection with two traffic lights, a main light and an accessory light, as in the image, the left traffic light regulates left turns and going straight ahead, while the right traffic light regulates right turns. In this case, since the blue vehicle wants to continue straight, it must follow the indications of the red light on the left and not go, as the right light only affects vehicles that want to turn right.

The mopeds will be able to travel on intercity roads by driving on the hard shoulder on their right, if it is passable and sufficient, and, if it is not or does not exist as in the case of the image, they will drive on the right occupying the essential part of the road.

If while driving on the road, you get an unexpected flat tire, you should quickly stop the vehicle in a safe place off of the roadway in order to put on the spare tire if you have one. Under no circumstances should you keep driving until the nearest workshop or leave the vehicle anywhere that it may endanger other road users.

Traffic regulations state that, when overtaking, the vehicle in front of you has priority, unless after a prudent period of time that vehicle does not initiate the overtaking manoeuvre, in which case you may overtake it provided to warn with your optical signals (flashing high-beam lights) or acoustic signals (horn, outside of town only). As in this case the white vehicle has already communicated its intention to change lanes with its left turn indicator, it has right of way and you should wait until it finishes the manoeuvre.