Exam 78اِگزیم

The vertical danger warning sign P-14B that we can see in the image indicates that we are approaching a stretch of road where there is danger due to the proximity of an area with a succession of dangerous curves close to each other, the first one to the left.

As a general rule, it is not allowed to stop or park on the passable shoulder of a road outside a populated area.

As an exception, it is allowed to do so on the free shoulder on a cross-town route, inside an urban area, as long as the shoulder is practicable and paved and there is no vertical sign prohibiting it.

The owner of the vehicle that appears in the Driver’s register will be responsible for all infractions related to the documentation of the vehicle and the state of conservation that may occur in the vehicle. It does not matter if driver and owner do not coincide.

We can say that a vehicle is driving at an abnormally reduced speed when it is driving, on any type of road, at a speed lower than the established minimum speed. In the case of motorways and dual carriageways, this is true for vehicles driving at a speed less than 60 km/h, while on all other roads, it is true for vehicles driving at a speed that is less than half the typical maximum speed for that road for each type of vehicle.

If we see that a dangerous situation arises while we are being overtaken, we are obliged to facilitate the overtaking or help the overtaking vehicle to return to its lane. It is forbidden to increase speed while being overtaken.

Spanish traffic law states that drivers on the road shall facilitate, as far as possible, the manoeuvre and movements to join the road, especially in the case of a public passenger transport vehicle that intends to join the traffic from a signalled stop.
Particularly on populated roads, the drivers of other vehicles shall move sideways, whenever possible, or reduce their speed, in order to facilitate the movement of public passenger transport vehicles.

It shall be totally forbidden for a vehicle’s load to protrude from its sides or from any of its side windows. It shall only be allowed that in some cases the load protrudes from the rear part, but in no case from the sides.

If due to an emergency or traffic necessity, your vehicle is stopped inside an underpass or tunnel, and you predict that you will be stopped for more than two minutes, you should turn off the vehicle’s engine and turn it back on when traffic starts moving again, while leaving the position lights and emergency signal on. You should not abandon the vehicle, neither the driver nor the passengers.

Among the main risk factors for driving, the road factor, the human factor and the vehicle factor are the ones most present in most traffic accidents.

Within the road factor, there are several elements that can put driving at risk on any kind of road: its design, its surroundings or the poor condition of the road surface.

To circulate in neutral is not correct neither for safety nor for fuel saving. When in neutral, the engine idles (necessary consumption to avoid stalling), so it does consume fuel. On the other hand, in neutral we can lose control of the vehicle because it will be more difficult to brake it. The right thing to do when going down slopes is to drive with low gears and without accelerating, so the engine helps us to hold the car and also we do not consume any fuel.

Consumption of drugs like ecstasy by a driver cause a decrease in their ability to concentrate behind the wheel, problems with vision, a false sensation of euphoria, optical illusions, disorientation and elevated mood. Its consumption when you are going to get behind the wheel of a vehicle is completely prohibited.

When driving vehicles whose MAM is less than 3500 kilograms, as in the case of this example, you should always leave the safety distance between your vehicle and the one in front of you, enough to allow you to stop in case of sudden braking without crashing into it.

جب آپ ایسی گاڑیوں کو چلاتے ہیں جن کا زیادہ سے زیادہ وزن 3500 کلوگرام سے کم ہو، تو آپ کو ہمیشہ اپنے اور سامنے والی گاڑی کے درمیان اتنا محفوظ فاصلہ چھوڑنا چاہیے کہ اگر اچانک بریک لگائی جائے تو آپ اس سے ٹکرا نہ جائیں۔

The Road Traffic Regulations prohibit us from using mobile telephone devices and any other means or system of communication while driving, except when the communication takes place without the use of hands or the use of helmets, headphones or similar instruments, using devices such as hands-free and always for short periods of time. Not even at a traffic light or when driving at low speed will we be able to manipulate any electronic device.

Stop the car safely, notify the authorities or officers, and help the injured: Correct
Stopping the car safely is important to avoid blocking traffic or causing further accidents. However, once you’re safely stopped, the next step should be notifying the authorities. So, while stopping the car safely is important, the notifying the authorities comes next, followed by helping the injured.
Help the injured as soon as possible and notify authorities: This option prioritizes helping the injured, which is essential, but it doesn’t include the important step of safely stopping the car first. In reality, before offering help, you must stop your vehicle safely to avoid any further accidents or blocking traffic.
Stop traffic, help the injured, and later notify authorities: This option is not practical or safe. Stopping traffic is not always possible or advisable, especially if you’re not trained to direct traffic safely. Your focus should be on notifying authorities and helping the injured. Stopping traffic could put you or others at risk.

On curves and slopes with reduced visibility such as the one in the image, and at intersections except for roundabouts or traffic circles, it is completely forbidden to make a U-turn or overtake other vehicles. These manoeuvres are only permitted when you do not invade the lane with traffic in the opposite direction and when you have sufficient visibility.

Traffic regulations completely prohibit tossing, depositing or leaving cargo from your vehicle on the road, for example when doing loading and unloading operations, that could interfere with other road users’ ability to freely drive, stop or park, or that could cause danger to them.

The full-beam lights or road lighting shall be replaced by low-beam or dipped-beam lighting as soon as the possibility of glare other users of the same road or any other road, and especially the drivers of oncoming vehicles, is detected, even if they do not comply with this requirement, and the road lighting shall not be restored until the position of the crossed vehicle at the crossing is exceeded.

The Traffic Regulations establish that drivers circulating on the road shall facilitate, as far as possible, the manoeuvre of joining the road, especially if it is a collective passenger transport vehicle that intends to join the traffic from a signalled stop.
Particularly on populated roads, the drivers of other vehicles shall move sideways, whenever possible, or reduce their speed, in order to facilitate the movement of public passenger transport vehicles.

The vertical indication sign S-26a, upcoming exit panel, is only found on dual carriageways, motorways or roads for automobiles to indicate the proximity of an exit, in this case, one that is 300 meters away on the right. This sign may only be placed on the 3 types of roads mentioned above.

When driving on a road we make a turn to enter another road and an animal is crossing the latter, we must always yield the right of way, since the animal has the right of way over our vehicle both in left and right turns.

Motorcycles, three-wheeled vehicles, quadricycles, quads, three-wheeled mopeds and light quadricycles must pass their first vehicle technical inspection 4 years from the date of their first registration. After that first inspection, they must continue to pass the MOT every two years for the rest of the useful life of the vehicle.

The prohibition or restriction sign R-303 shown in the image not only prohibits vehicles approaching it from turning left, but also from making a U-turn. This sign must be obeyed by all vehicles that encounter it.

If you commit an infraction with your vehicle, regardless of the type, you may lose some of the points assigned to your driving license, although NOT ALL infractions entail a loss of points. Some of the infractions that may cause you to lose points include driving under the influence of alcohol or narcotics.

Private vehicles dedicated to the transport of persons, except for motorcycles and mopeds, with capacity of up to 9 seats including the driver’s, such as a personal car, are required to pass their first technical inspection four years from the date of its first registration. After that, they must pass it every two years until year 10, after which the technical inspection must be done annually, going to the ITV/MOT station each year.

Traffic lights prevail over vertical signs. In this case the traffic light signal prevails, so you do not have to comply with the Stop.

As pedestrians, children have more problems in traffic than adults because their visual field is smaller and their peripheral vision is much more limited, they don’t know all the correct ways to act on the road or what traffic signals mean, and they tend to behave unpredictable and sometimes cross in front of moving vehicles.

A GPS navigation system may be placed in a vehicle provided it is correctly held by a suitable support that doesn’t result in loose cables interfering with the driver’s ability to move freely. It should be placed at an appropriate height that doesn’t obstruct your view of the road but also does not force you to look away while driving.

The Road Traffic Regulations will not consider the humps at pedestrian crossings and cross strips as obstacles on the roadway, provided that they comply with the basic regulations established for this purpose by the Ministry of Public Works and road safety is guaranteed for road users and, in particular, for cyclists.

Traffic accidents are a serious and priority social problem which, directly or indirectly, affects us all and has a huge economic impact on the population. Drivers have the keys to avoid the vast majority of accidents in their hands, since statistics show that the human factor is behind most traffic accidents.

In petrol engines, it is best to start driving immediately after starting the engine, because the vehicle’s compression chamber heats up faster than in diesel vehicles. Even so, it is always advisable to start gently without revving the engine too much.