Exam 93اِگزیم

On all public roads, overtaking other vehicles must be done on the left.

Exceptionally, overtaking on the right may be allowed on roads within built-up areas with at least two lanes for the same direction and delimited with road markings, provided that the driver of the vehicle previously ensures that he can do so without danger to other users.

If there are no other signs on the road to the contrary, the maximum speed on highways and motorways outside the town will be 120 kilometers per hour for cars and motorcycles. This limit may not be extended and may not be exceeded even when overtaking.

The minimum and maximum speed limits established by the traffic authority are set with the goal of ensuring safety and adequate traffic flow on the road. Above all, they strive to achieve fluid traffic along with safety for all road users.

On any stretch of road where there are acceleration or deceleration lanes or lanes or parts of the road intended exclusively for the traffic of certain vehicles, it shall not be considered overtaking to move faster on those lanes than on the normal traffic lanes, or vice versa. So it will be permitted to drive faster in the slip lane than in the normal one on a motorway.

Traffic regulations state that drivers of special vehicles, such as the one in the image, with a maximum authorized mass no greater than 3500 kilograms, must travel on the right shoulder or the essential part of the roadway. If there is no shoulder or if it is not transitable, they should drive on the necessary part of the roadway, as close to the right edge as possible.

The different causes of traffic accidents among novice drivers (who have had their driver’s license for less than one year) include less risk perception, taking more risks than other drivers, and not observing traffic rules.

It is advisable to check the adjustment of your rearview mirrors before starting your journey, especially when you’re on flat and straight terrain. This ensures that you have proper visibility and can drive safely without distractions. Adjusting your mirrors before driving is crucial for a clear view of the road behind you, allowing you to monitor other vehicles and potential hazards effectively. Checking the mirrors while driving could be dangerous and take your attention away from the road.

Traffic regulations do not consider elevated pedestrian crossings or speed bumps to be obstacles in the roadway provided they meet the basic standards established for that purpose by the Ministry of Development and guarantee the safety of road users and especially of cyclists.

In Spain, drivers are allowed to present their driving license in two forms when requested by an officer: either in the traditional physical document form or in a digital format through the miDGT App. This digital option was introduced to make it more convenient for drivers, as they can carry their driving license on their smartphones instead of the physical card. Both forms are legally accepted, and presenting either will fulfill the requirement.

Studies show that with the same alcohol consumption, people over 65 years of age are more reckless when driving due to the combined effect of alcoholic beverages and aging, being more vulnerable to the side effects produced by their intake.

The road, its surroundings, and the vehicle itself can all contribute to distractions while driving. For example:

The road: Certain road conditions, such as poorly maintained roads, road signs, or sudden changes in the road layout, can cause distractions.
The surroundings: External factors like billboards, pedestrians, or construction zones can divert the driver’s attention.
The vehicle itself: In-car distractions, such as loud music, phone usage, or adjusting controls, can also lead to a loss of focus on driving.

When the driver of a vehicle drinks alcohol, his attention decreases, he becomes less careful and his ability to calculate speed and distances decreases.

Also, reflexes and coordination decrease and reaction time increases. Finally, there is a loss of reasoning, memory, speech, gait and drowsiness appears.

The message shown on the panel overrides the usual requirement that a vehicle must have at least two occupants to use the lane. This means that even if a car has only one person inside, it is still permitted to drive in the designated lane, provided it meets the specified conditions, such as having the appropriate environmental badge.

It is advisable to maintain a safe distance of at least two to three meters from the vehicle in front when stopped in a traffic jam. This distance helps in preventing a collision if the vehicle behind you unexpectedly moves forward or if you need to quickly reverse in case of an emergency. Keeping enough space allows for better reaction time and reduces the risk of rear-end accidents.

A vehicle should not drive directly on the broken (dashed) line because these lines are meant to separate lanes. Driving on the line instead of within a lane can be dangerous as it may cause lane drifting, confusion, and potential accidents.

Cyclists have priority over motor vehicles when they are riding in a designated and properly marked bicycle lane because these lanes are specifically designed for their safety. Bicycle lanes are meant to provide a protected space for cyclists, ensuring they are not forced into traffic. Motor vehicles must yield to cyclists in these lanes and avoid obstructing them.

The image shows a speed limit sign (40 km/h) placed next to a population sign (“MUROS”). This means that the speed limit applies throughout the entire town unless another sign within the town modifies or cancels it.

In Spain, when a speed limit sign appears at the entrance of a town, it applies to all roads inside the town unless changed by another sign.

If another sign inside the town indicates a different speed limit, that new limit will override the initial one.

If no other signs appear, the 40 km/h limit remains valid throughout the town.

The horn can only be used to avoid an accident or to warn others that we are doing an emergency service with our vehicle. Outside the town, moreover, to warn the vehicle in front that we want to overtake it.

Road construction that may create a hazard for users traveling on the road must always be signalled with signs and road markings to ensure their safety and that of the construction workers. In the case of the road markings in the image, they indicate the existence of a construction zone and require vehicles to follow those markings instead of the white ones as they drive through the construction zone.

Article 94 of traffic regulations states that it is completely prohibited to stop: on curves or slopes with reduced visibility and in their vicinity, and in tunnels, underpasses and sections of road affected by the “Tunnel” sign. Therefore, you cannot make a stop or park on this type of curve, since the lack of visibility could make you a hazard for other drivers.

The greatest danger of conventional roads with two-way traffic and no physical separation between them is that a head-on collision between vehicles traveling in both directions is more likely as the traffic flows are together and we can find out oncoming traffic.
To avoid this, it is recommended that vehicles do not exceed the maximum speed of 90 kilometers per hour on these types of conventional roads to minimize the damage from a possible collision.

The ability to react at the wheel of a vehicle is the ability of the driver to react quickly to a possible obstacle or emergency on the road. This ability will decrease, among other factors, when the driver has drunk or ingested drugs, drives drowsy or is very fatigued. In addition, the faster the speed, the lower the capacity and the reaction time of the driver to a possible obstacle.

The security helmet must be renewed when it suffers an impact in accident which may have damaged it or when the manufacturer requests it (some materials have expiration date).

The holder for your GPS navigation system should always be placed at a correct height that doesn’t force you to take your eyes off the road, and in a place that doesn’t interfere with or impede the deployment of the airbag in case of a possible collision. It should be attached securely without any loose cables that could get in the way of driving.

The rules for the use of lanes on motorways and dual carriage way are the same as for any other type of road. On roads with two or more lanes for the same direction as the one in the imagen, the right lane must be used, and the other lanes may be used when the circumstances of the road make it advisable to do so without hindering traffic.
So in this situation you must change to the right lane as soon as possible.

Mopeds are generally lightweight, low-powered vehicles designed for solo transportation basically but still allowed to tow a trailer with certain conditions. After the sunset, before the sunrise, when the visibility is low, and at nights, due to safety concerns, it is forbidden to tow a trailer with these vehicles. As these vehicles are light weight, the weight of the trailer should be not more than the 50% of the weight of the unloaded vehicle.

The only safe blood alcohol level for driving a vehicle is 0.0 milligrams per litre of exhaled air, which is the same as not drinking a drop of alcohol if you know you are going to get behind the wheel. Alcohol impairs the driver’s faculties, so in order to preserve their integrity and that of the rest of the road users, it is recommended that they do not drink alcohol.

The consequences of drinking alcohol for drivers include false confidence in themselves and their driving abilities, increased distraction and risk-taking at the wheel, and a decreased sense of caution.

When driving our vehicle we find a stretch of road affected by a weather phenomenon that reduces visibility as in the case of fog for example, we must turn on the front fog lights or the short or long- range light. If the vehicle is not equipped with front fog lights it is compulsory to switch on at least the position lights alongside the short- or dipped-beam lights.

The cabin or pollen filter helps to remove dust, pollen, and other particles from the air entering the cabin. Over time, this filter becomes clogged and less effective. While it may not need to be replaced every six months, it should definitely be checked and replaced, particularly at the beginning of spring when pollen levels are higher. This ensures it continues to work efficiently and maintain air quality inside the vehicle.