English Test 2

Stop: Correct
Short and frequent whistles from a traffic officer typically indicate that they are signaling vehicles to stop. This is a standard method of attracting attention and giving a clear command in situations where traffic needs to be controlled manually. The officer uses this technique to ensure that drivers notice the signal promptly and halt their vehicles to maintain safety or manage traffic flow effectively.
Resume your travel: This is incorrect because a traffic officer would usually use a different signal, such as a single long whistle or a hand gesture, to indicate that vehicles should proceed.
Speed up to avoid traffic jams: This is also incorrect, as traffic officers generally do not use short and frequent whistles to signal drivers to speed up.

Only when it’s raining: Correct
If the signal indicates a speed limit of 70 km/h and it specifically applies during rainy conditions, it implies that driving at this speed is appropriate and safe when it is raining. Rain can often reduce visibility and road traction, making driving at high speeds dangerous. However, if the sign specifies 70 km/h during rain, it may suggest that this speed is considered safe for the conditions.
Only when weather and environmental conditions are favourable: This option is not correct because the signaling typically refers to a set speed limit under specific conditions, such as rain, and not just when conditions are favorable.
All the time: This is incorrect because the signal is specifically suggesting a lower speed (70 km/h) during rainy conditions, not as a general speed limit for all driving situations.

Yes, if traffic conditions permit: Correct
Overtaking at an intersection is generally allowed if the road signs and traffic regulations do not prohibit it and if the traffic conditions allow for safe overtaking. For example, if there is sufficient space, visibility, and no other obstructions like pedestrians or other vehicles, overtaking may be possible. However, intersections often come with additional risks, so overtaking should only be done if it is safe and does not disrupt traffic flow.
No, it is prohibited: This would be true if there were road signs or specific traffic regulations in place that explicitly prohibit overtaking at this intersection (such as a “No Overtaking” sign or hazardous road conditions).
Yes, two-wheel vehicles only may be overtaken: This would apply in certain situations where specific rules allow overtaking only for two-wheel vehicles (such as motorcycles or bicycles), but this is not a general rule for all intersections and would only apply if explicitly stated by road signs.

Deteriorating psychomotor capacities: Correct
One of the main causes of accidents involving the elderly is a decline in psychomotor capacities, which includes skills such as coordination, reaction time, and motor control. As people age, their ability to process information quickly and respond to changes in their environment may decrease. This can lead to slower reactions, difficulty making quick decisions, and impaired motor control, all of which can contribute to accidents.
Reduced perception of risk: This is not the primary cause. While elderly drivers may sometimes underestimate risks, the decline in psychomotor abilities is a more significant factor in driving accidents.
Impatience: This is generally less relevant. While impatience can contribute to accidents for any age group, it is not specifically a leading cause for elderly drivers.

Yes, when there is no shoulder or it is not passable: Correct
On conventional roads, pedestrians are generally required to walk on the shoulder (footpath) if one is available. However, if there is no shoulder or if the shoulder is impassable (for example, due to obstructions or poor road conditions), pedestrians may be permitted to walk on the roadway itself. In this case, they must be extra cautious and ensure they walk on the side facing oncoming traffic for their safety.
Yes, when towing a vehicle: This is incorrect. Pedestrians are not allowed to walk on the roadway when towing a vehicle, as the act of towing a vehicle is not a valid reason for a pedestrian to be on the road.
No: This is incorrect. While pedestrians generally need to avoid walking on the road when possible, they are allowed to do so in certain situations, such as when there is no available shoulder or when it is impassable.

The maximum speed limit for passenger cars, motorcycles, buses, trucks and other vehicles on cross town roads and roads within town limits is 50 kilometers per hour. This speed limit cannot be exceeded at any time, not even to overtake.

شہر کی حدود کے اندر کراس ٹاؤن سڑکوں اور سڑکوں پر مسافر کاروں، موٹر سائیکلوں، بسوں، ٹرکوں اور دیگر گاڑیوں کی زیادہ سے زیادہ رفتار کی حد 50 کلومیٹر فی گھنٹہ ہے۔ اس رفتار کی حد کو کسی بھی وقت پار نہیں کیا جا سکتا، یہاں تک کہ اوورٹیک کرنے کے لیے بھی نہیں۔

In the absence of signage regulating right of way at an intersection, article 212 of road safety regulations states that drives are obligated to yield to and facilitate passing of vehicles that approach from their right. There are exceptions, such as in the case of vehicles traveling on rails, which will always have priority over other road users.

اگر کسی انٹرسیکشن پر راستے کے حق کو کنٹرول کرنے والی کوئی علامت نہ ہو، تو روڈ سیفٹی قوانین کے آرٹیکل 212 کے مطابق، ڈرائیوروں کو دائیں طرف سے آنے والی گاڑیوں کو راستہ دینے اور گزرنے میں مدد کرنا لازمی ہے۔ کچھ استثنیات ہیں، جیسے ریل پر چلنے والی گاڑیاں، جنہیں ہمیشہ دوسرے سڑک کے صارفین پر ترجیح حاصل ہوگی۔

Drivers of heavy vehicles are required to move to the shoulder as soon as possible if it is feasible to do so in order to facilitate overtaking when the density of traffic in the opposite direction, the narrowness of the road or its condition does not allow the vehicle to be overtaken safely and easily.
As in this case, none of these situations apply, as a general rule the truck does not need to veer onto the shoulder.

In a two-way three lane road, the vehicles must drive in the right lane of traffic, using the middle lane to overtake or turn left.

The headrest’s main function is to protect the neck and head of the vehicle occupants from the strong backward and lateral movements in case of an accident. For this reason, it should always be placed at the correct height. Before starting to drive, the driver must adjust the headrest to their needs to avoid injury, and so it will always be adjustable in both the front and rear seats.

ہیڈریسٹ کا بنیادی کام گاڑی میں موجود افراد کی گردن اور سر کی حفاظت کرنا ہے تاکہ حادثے کی صورت میں پیچھے اور سائیڈ کی طرف ہونے والی تیز حرکتوں سے بچایا جا سکے۔ اس لیے، اسے ہمیشہ صحیح اونچائی پر رکھنا چاہیے۔ ڈرائیونگ شروع کرنے سے پہلے، ڈرائیور کو ہیڈریسٹ کو اپنی ضروریات کے مطابق ایڈجسٹ کرنا چاہیے تاکہ چوٹ سے بچا جا سکے، اور یہ ہمیشہ سامنے اور پیچھے دونوں سیٹوں میں ایڈجسٹ ہونے کے قابل ہونا چاہیے۔

Whenever two vehicles come to a narrow stretch with a steep gradient and no right of way signage, in which the road is too narrow for both vehicles to cross at the same time, the vehicle with right of way is the one going uphill except when this vehicle can first reach a side track designated to allow the vehicle going downhill to pass.

جب دو گاڑیاں ایک تنگ جگہ پر آتی ہیں جہاں چڑھائی ہے اور راستے پر راستے کے حق کی کوئی علامت نہیں ہے، اور سڑک اتنی تنگ ہے کہ دونوں گاڑیاں ایک ساتھ نہیں گزر سکتیں، تو راستے کا حق اس گاڑی کو ہوتا ہے جو چڑھائی پر جا رہی ہے، سوائے اس کے کہ یہ گاڑی پہلے کسی سائیڈ ٹریک تک پہنچ جائے جو نیچے جانے والی گاڑی کو گزرنے کی اجازت دیتا ہو۔

When we are driving our vehicle on a road and we are dazzled by another vehicle in the opposite direction when it turns on its headlights, we should avoid looking straight ahead and reduce speed, even stopping completely if necessary, until we recover normal vision sufficient to drive safely.

جب ہم اپنی گاڑی چلا رہے ہوں اور سامنے سے آنے والی گاڑی کی ہیڈلائٹس کی چمک سے متاثر ہوں، تو ہمیں براہِ راست دیکھنے سے گریز کرنا چاہیے اور رفتار کم کر دینی چاہیے، حتیٰ کہ ضرورت پڑنے پر مکمل طور پر رک جانا چاہیے، جب تک کہ ہمیں دوبارہ محفوظ ڈرائیونگ کے لیے کافی حد تک معمولی نظر نہ آ جائے۔

Statistics and various studies have shown that traffic accidents are one of the main causes of death and injury in Spain. These figures are especially high in the population segment aged 15 to 24.

اعدادوشمار اور مختلف مطالعات سے پتہ چلتا ہے کہ سپین میں ٹریفک حادثات موت اور چوٹ کی بنیادی وجوہات میں سے ایک ہیں۔ یہ اعداد و شمار خاص طور پر 15 سے 24 سال کی عمر کے آبادی والے حصے میں زیادہ ہیں۔

Whether you stay on the shoulder or cross the roadway to provide help to the victims of a traffic accident, you must first put on an approved, high-visibility reflective vest before leaving your vehicle in order to make yourself more visible to drivers approaching that location.

چاہے آپ کِنارے پر رہیں یا سڑک کو عبور کر کے ٹریفک حادثے کے شکار افراد کی مدد کریں، آپ کو پہلے ایک منظور شدہ، اچھے سے دیکھائی دینے والی ریفلیکٹو ویسٹ پہننی چاہیے تاکہ آپ اپنی گاڑی چھوڑنے کے بعد قریب آنے والی گاڑیوں کے ڈرائیورز کو زیادہ واضح نظر آئیں۔

To drive a vehicle, it is obligatory to have in the vehicle two hazard warning triangles and at least one high-visibility reflective vest, which you must put on when you get out of the vehicle. For this reason, it is advisable to carry it inside the vehicle someplace handy in case of any emergency. It is also obligatory for some vehicles, such as passenger cars, to carry a spare tire or a tire repair kit, as well as the necessary tools to change the tire.

When you are driving your vehicle between sunset and sunrise on the roadway of a poorly lit cross¬ town road, such as the one in the image, you must have your position lights turned on to be seen by the other road users, and the low-beam headlights to see better in the poor lighting. It is completely prohibited to use high-beam headlights on urban roads and cross-town roads, even if they are poorly lit.

When we observe that a traffic officer, who is regulating the traffic on a road, makes a signal by flashing a red or yellow light, this means that all users on the road where he is, and who are heading towards that light, must stop their vehicles until they receive another order.

Double parking a vehicle of any type is completely prohibited on public roads as it can obstruct the passage or exit of a correctly parked vehicle.

Traffic accidents caused by the driver’s sleepiness or fatigue can be avoided by making a stop in a permitted place to sleep and rest every two hours or every 200-300 kilometers. Under no circumstances should you speed up because this will not prevent fatigue and will endanger you and your passengers.

Fatigue, alcohol, medication or bad weather are risk factors that influence driver accuracy and driving safety, increasing the likelihood of an accident.
That is why we must avoid these factors in order to practice safe driving.

The general maximum and minimum speed at which you are allowed to drive on a road can be modified by specific signage such as that shown in the image, in which, due to some hazard or situation on the road, you should drive at 80 kilometers per hour on that section of road. In the absence of specific signage, the general limit established for each type of road will apply, which in the case of a dual carriageway is 120 km/hr.

The vertical priority sign R-2 shown in the image requires all drivers in all circumstances to stop their vehicle before the stop line, or if there is no line, immediately before the next intersection, yielding to all vehicles traveling on the road you are approaching.

Consumption of drugs by people who are going to get behind the wheel of a vehicle severely affects their safety and the safety of all users of the road, because their behaviour at the wheel will be negatively impacted after ingesting them. Among other effects, their perception of reality will be altered, they will suffer from more distractions and their reaction time will increase, taking longer to react and execute manoeuvres.

A continuous yellow line markinglocated on the curb of the roadway indicates that stopping and parking is prohibited on the side of the roadway where it is located.
If the prohibition is temporary, it will be indicated by a vertical sign at the beginning of the section.

Drivers who suffer from depression should always consult a medical specialist before getting behind the wheel so that they can determine if they need to prescribe some treatment to improve perception and reduce insecurity while driving. Under no circumstances should they take tranquilizers or stimulant beverages without consulting a doctor.

Traffic regulations state that, if you reach a traffic light for vehicles with a yellow light that is not flashing after the green light turns off, this means that vehicles must stop in front of it just like if it were a fixed red light, except when the vehicle is so close to it when the light turns yellow that it cannot stop in front of it safely.

The speed limit for mopeds in conventional roads is 45 km/hour. Mopeds are prohibited from driving on motorways, dual carriageways and any other type of road with signage prohibiting entry to mopeds.

The motor oil in your vehicle must be changed periodically according to the vehicle’s maintenance calendar. Once removed, you must dump the oil in a special container for collecting industrial oil. Occasionally, municipal governments will also provide an eco-park where you can dump waste that cannot be disposed of in normal garbage containers. Under no circumstances can you dump this oil into your normal waste bin, since it can cause severe pollution.

When marking sections of works on the road, vertical traffic signs such as the one in the image will
have a yellow background. Such signs shall be obeyed by all drivers on a mandatory basis whether or not road workers are present.

Article 39 of the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety establishes that stopping and parking in areas marked for the exclusive use of disabled persons and pedestrian crossings is prohibited.
Said law also establishes that it shall be a serious offense to stop or park in these reserved spaces and may be punished with fines of up to 200 euros.