Exam 37اِگزیم

The Road Traffic Regulations indicate that a vehicle shall travel at an appropriate speed when the driver of a vehicle is travelling at a speed which is adapted to the circumstances of the traffic or road. An adequate speed will also allow us to control the vehicle in the face of any obstacle or unforeseen event. This speed will not only be based on the limits marked by the signs, but will also take into account the conditions of the road, our vehicle and our own condition. In short, we will drive at an appropriate speed when we adapt the speed to the conditions of the moment of the driver, vehicle and means.

Traffic regulations state that a vehicle is driving at an improper speed when its speed is not appropriate for the circumstances of traffic or of the road. Among the possible negative effects of driving at an improper speed are that the driver may not be able to control their vehicle in an unexpected or emergency situation.

Once you have confirmed your ability to make a stop on the road on which you are driving, you must signal it using the right indicator light if you will be stopping or parking on the right-hand side, or with the left indicator light if it will be done on the left-hand side, to warn the other users of your manoeuvre.

Traffic regulations prohibit, as a general rule, driving in reverse except in cases where it is not possible to go forward, change directions or turn around. You can also reverse as a complementary manoeuvre to others such as stopping, parking, or incorporation into traffic, as long as you do not travel more than 15 meters in reverse.

When the driver of a vehicle drinks alcohol, his attention decreases, he becomes less careful and his ability to calculate speed and distances decreases.

Also, reflexes and coordination decrease and reaction time increases. Finally, there is a loss of reasoning, memory, speech, gait and drowsiness appears.

Traveling on the hard shoulder is typically prohibited as it is designated for emergency use only, such as for broken-down vehicles or emergency services. Overtaking on the hard shoulder can also pose significant safety risks, as it is not designed for regular traffic flow. Therefore, using the hard shoulder to overtake is illegal and unsafe.

Traffic officers can require any road user to take a test to measure blood alcohol, including pedestrians or drivers of vehicles who are directly involved as possibly responsible for a traffic accident.

As a general rule, traffic regulations state that, when you reach a vertical yield sign or a yield road marking at an intersection, you must yield to all vehicles approaching from both the right and the left, and can continue only when there is nobody traveling in the transverse direction.

Traffic regulations establish that you must change your tires when the tread depth is less than 1.6 millimetres. However, it is recommended to keep this depth above 2 millimetres in order to drive safely on all types of road surfaces.

A vehicle shall be deemed to constitute an obstacle that seriously obstructs traffic when the distance between the stationary or parked vehicle and the opposite edge of the roadway or a longitudinal unbroken line on the roadway indicating a prohibition to cross it, is less than 3 meters or, in any case, when it does not allow the passage of other vehicles.

The traffic lights have priority over the vertical signs of any type so, when the traffic light turns green we must obey it and ride with priority. We will only obey the stop sign if the traffic light is not working or if it has a flashing yellow light.

The maximum speed allowed on motorways and dual carriageways for trucks under 3.500 kg MAM, articulated vehicles, tractor-trailers, vans and cars with a trailer of up to 750 kilograms will be 90 kilometers per hour, while the maximum speed for other cars with trailers will be 80 kilometers per hour.

The first effect on driving when you drive at high speeds is an increase in the stopping distance of the vehicle. The faster you drive, the longer it will take and the farther you will travel before your vehicle comes to a complete stop or before you can slow down enough to avoid an accident. Stopping distance = reaction distance (how far you go before stepping on the brake) + braking distance (how far you go while you are braking).

We will say that we drive at an adequate speed with our vehicle when this speed allows us to control the vehicle in the face of any obstacle or unforeseen event.
This adequate speed will not only be based on the limits set by the signage, but will also take into account the conditions of the road, our vehicle and our own condition.

The maximum speed on highways and dual carriageway outside built-up areas as this one will be 120 kilometers per hour for passenger cars and motorcycles, so 100 km/hour is an adequate speed on it.

Motorcycles, three-wheeled vehicles, mopeds, cycles and bicycles can tow a trailer or semi-trailer, which does not exceed 50% the unladen mass of the towing vehicle, and only during the day and when conditions do not limit visibility.

If we have a traffic accident, and our seatbelt is unfastened, we can be injured with the action of an opening airbag. The airbag is always a complement of the seatbelt and should be used together.

The complementary panel shown below the yield sign indicates the distance, in meters, to the hazard or restriction established by the sign that accompanies it. So, in this case, the complementary panel indicates that, in 100 meters, you will reach the mandatory stop sign at the next intersection.

Traffic regulations state that all drivers and passengers of cars traveling on urban or interurban roads are required to properly wear their seat belt. Despite this, there are some exceptions, such as the one that states that when taxi drivers are in service in urban traffic or urban areas of big cities, they are exempt from wearing their seat belt. On interurban roads, dual carriageways and motorways, it is always obligatory for them to wear their seat belt.

Vehicle lighting, as part of its active safety system, allows you to see where you are driving under poor lighting conditions on the road and allows you to discern potential hazards or obstacles with enough time to react and not collide with them. Also, lighting allows other drivers and road users to see you and determine your position on the road.

Even if he has right of way, drivers should never enter to any area of the road if he can predict that will keep stopped in the middle of an intersection or a pedestrian crossing. This is because he can be an obstacle for pedestrians, cyclists or other vehicles.

Most victims of traffic accidents, especially fatal accidents, come from accidents on interurban roads, especially on straight sections, even more than on curves, and at speeds between 50 and 80 kilometers per hour.

Among the main common causes found in most accidents on any type of road are exceeding the established speed limit, lack of concentration and distractions behind the wheel.
That is why the mental and physical state of the driver of a vehicle must always be optimal for safe driving.

The stopping or parking of a vehicle on interurban roads must always be carried out outside the roadway, on the right side of the road and leaving free the passable part of the shoulder.

Thus, under no circumstances is it permitted for a motorcycle to stop on the passable part of the hard shoulder shoulder of an interurban road.

When unloading on public roads within the town, the municipal provisions on stops and parking, and the times and places where it is allowed, shall be respected.

The operation shall be carried out on the side of the vehicle that is closest to the edge of the roadway and shall be done with sufficient means to do it as soon as possible, and trying to avoid unnecessary noise and nuisance.

One of the reasons that causes numerous accidents among young drivers is the exhibitionism they practice when driving in a group or with friends.
This practice is demonstrated, for example, by speeding to challenge other drivers, or reckless driving without respecting the signs.

When approaching a crosswalk regulated by a traffic light, with pedestrians crossing at that moment, even if we have the right of way because the traffic light is green for vehicles, we must reduce our speed, even stopping if necessary to avoid running over the pedestrian.

Traffic regulations state that drivers who are performing a reverse or parking manoeuvre are exempt from wearing their seat belt, since the seat belt can be an obstacle in correctly performing these manoeuvres. In the other two cases, which refer to interurban roads, you should remember that wearing a seat belt is always obligatory on this type of road, for all occupants of any type of vehicle.

The vertical prohibition or restriction sign R-306 shown in the image indicates that, on the road where it is found, it is prohibited for trucks with M.A.M. greater than 3500 kilograms to overtake motor vehicles on the road, except in the case of two-wheeled motorcycles which may be overtaken as long as it can be done without obstructing traffic coming in the opposite direction. Because this sign only affects trucks, we can say that it does not prohibit us from overtaking in our passenger car.

If a fire starts while you are driving your vehicle inside a tunnel, you should move as far as possible to the right, turn off the engine, and the driver and all occupants should leave the vehicle and go to the nearest refuge or exit, always away from the flames.

Going in reverse: Correct
Accidents with pedestrians are more likely to occur when a vehicle is going in reverse.
Limited visibility: When reversing, the driver has a restricted view of what’s behind the vehicle, making it difficult to see pedestrians, especially in areas with poor lighting or crowded spaces like parking lots.
Increased risk of inattention: Drivers may not be as cautious when reversing, and pedestrians might not be aware of the vehicle’s movement, which increases the likelihood of accidents.
On motorways: This is incorrect because motorways are designed to prevent pedestrians from being on the road. Pedestrians are typically not allowed on motorways, so the risk of accidents with them is minimal.
In all manoeuvres: While you should be cautious in all manoeuvres, the risk of pedestrian accidents is particularly high when reversing due to the limited visibility and close proximity of pedestrians.