Exam 44اِگزیم

General vehicle regulations state that you are required to use two hazard warning triangles and at least one high visibility reflective vest, which must be worn whenever you exit the vehicle and occupy the roadway or shoulder of an interurban road. For the vest to be approved, it must be high visibility, certified and have instructions for use.

When we suffer from a chronic illness it’s essential to consult a doctor about the risks and effects of the treatment when driving, even if it’s a mild illness, because it can always affect our driving capacities.

If you encounter a row of solid or flashing yellow lights on the road, placed as a barrier device, their function is to prohibit passage to all types of vehicles through the imaginary line that connects them. This means that, wherever you find these yellow lights, it is prohibited to cross along the entire extension of the lights.

Before carrying out any manoeuvre, the driver must clearly indicate their intention with enough advance warning, using the vehicle’s light signals, specifically, the turn signals. Failing that, if you can’t use the light signals for some reason, you should make the appropriate signals with your arm as in the image.

کسی بھی حرکت سے پہلے، ڈرائیور کو اپنی نیت واضح طور پر اور پہلے سے بتانی چاہیے، گاڑی کے لائٹ سگنلز، خاص طور پر ٹرن سگنلز کا استعمال کرتے ہوئے۔ اگر کسی وجہ سے آپ لائٹ سگنلز استعمال نہیں کر سکتے، تو آپ کو تصویر کے مطابق اپنے بازو سے مناسب اشارے کرنے چاہئیں۔

The main function of a vehicle seat belt is to prevent the body of the vehicle occupants from moving excessively in the event of a frontal impact, thus preventing them from hitting the steering wheel, the windshield or the front seats if they occupy the rear seats.

Traffic regulations absolutely forbid drivers and other vehicle occupants from tossing objects out the vehicle window while in motion. This is a punishable offense according to general traffic regulations, subject to a fine of up to 200 euros and the possibility of losing up to 4 points from your license.

Driving with defective or poorly maintained shock absorbers in our vehicle will increase the risk of an accident for the driver and occupants of the vehicle.

In addition, it will increase the braking distance, as it will not ensure that the wheels are in permanent contact with the road, we will suffer instability in braking and irregular tire wear.

گاڑی میں خراب شاک ایبزوربرز کے ساتھ چلانے سے ڈرائیور اور گاڑی کے مسافروں کے لیے حادثے کا خطرہ بڑھ جاتا ہے۔
اس کے علاوہ، یہ بریکنگ ڈسٹنس کو بڑھا دے گا، کیونکہ یہ یقینی نہیں بنائے گا کہ ٹائر سڑک کے ساتھ مستقل رابطے میں ہیں، جس سے بریک کم مضبوط ہو گی اور ٹائر غیرمعمولی طور پر خراب ہوں گے۔

Driving a vehicle with an alcohol limit below the legal limit can influence the risk of having a traffic accident, because the driver’s abilities will always be reduced when they drink alcohol, no matter the amount. For this reason, even if you have not reached the legal limit permitted by traffic regulations, you should never get behind the wheel of a vehicle after consuming alcohol.

قانونی حد سے کم الکحل کے ساتھ گاڑی چلانا بھی ٹریفک حادثے کا خطرہ بڑھا سکتا ہے، کیونکہ الکحل پینے سے ڈرائیور کی صلاحیتیں ہمیشہ کمزور ہو جاتی ہیں، چاہے مقدار کتنی بھی کم ہو۔ اس لیے، چاہے آپ ٹریفک قوانین کے مطابق قانونی حد تک نہ پہنچے ہوں، آپ کو کبھی بھی الکحل پینے کے بعد گاڑی نہیں چلانی چاہیے۔

The hazard warning triangles must be placed on the edge of the road, one in front of and one behind the vehicle at a distance of at least 50 meters, except on one-way roads or roads with more than three lanes, where it is sufficient to place the one at the rear.

Even if he or she has slept the necessary hours, a driver may experience fatigue and drowsiness at the wheel when the quality of that sleep has not been good or when he or she spends many hours straight without stopping to rest. That is why we recommend that when the journey is of long duration, we make a stop every two hours or every 200 or 300 kilometres to be able to rest.

اگرچہ ایک ڈرائیور ضروری گھنٹے سویا ہو، لیکن اگر اس نیند کا معیار اچھا نہ ہو یا اگر وہ مسلسل کئی گھنٹے بغیر آرام کے چلتا رہے، تو اسے تھکاوٹ اور نیند آ سکتی ہے۔ اسی لیے ہم تجویز کرتے ہیں کہ لمبی مسافت کے سفر میں ہر دو گھنٹے یا 200 یا 300 کلومیٹر کے بعد آرام کے لیے رکیں۔

The high-beam lights may only be used in the form of flashes or quickly short bursts, to avoid a possible accident, or to warn of the intention to overtake another vehicle on roads both inside and outside built-up areas.
In case of driving on roads outside built-up areas, the horn may also be sounded to warn of the overtaking.

ہائی بیم لائٹس صرف چمکانے یا جلدی سے فلیش کرنے کی صورت میں استعمال کی جا سکتی ہیں، تاکہ ممکنہ حادثے سے بچا جا سکے یا کسی دوسری گاڑی کو آگے نکلنے کی نیت سے آگاہ کیا جا سکے، چاہے وہ شہری علاقوں میں ہوں یا دیہی سڑکوں پر۔
دیہی سڑکوں پر، آگے نکلنے کے لیے بھی ہارن کا استعمال کیا جا سکتا ہے۔

In addition to the license that entitles him/her to drive the motorcycle, the driver of the motorcycle must also carry the traffic license issued by the Traffic Department and the ITV card on which we will find the technical details of the motorcycle and the technical inspections it has already undergone.

If we switch on headlights on high beam we can cause glare in the rear-vision mirrors of the preceding vehicles. To avoid it, these lights must be always properly dipped and replace high beam for low-beam lights when we approach the facing vehicles.

اگر ہم ہائی بیم ہیڈلائٹس آن کرتے ہیں تو یہ پیچھے کی گاڑیوں کے پیچھے دیکھنے والے آئینے میں چمک پیدا کر سکتی ہیں۔ اس سے بچنے کے لیے، ان لائٹس کو ڈِپڈ لائٹس میں تبدیل کرنا چاہیے اور آنے والی گاڑیوں کے قریب آنے پر ہائی بیم کو لو بیم لائٹس سے تبدیل کرنا چاہیے۔

Children’s field of vision is limited by their short stature. For this reason they have difficulty seeing traffic between parked cars. Drivers also have more difficulty seeing them.

بچوں کی نظر کی حدود ان کے چھوٹے قد کی وجہ سے محدود ہوتی ہے۔ اس لیے انہیں پارک کی گئی گاڑیوں کے درمیان ٹریفک دیکھنے میں مشکل ہوتی ہے۔ ڈرائیورز کو بھی انہیں دیکھنے میں مشکل ہوتی ہے۔

Adaptable mixed vehicles must be equipped with a reflective vest among their accessories so that the driver can be seen in case of having to leave the vehicle due to an accident or breakdown.

مختلف مقصد لے لیے استعمال ہونی والی گاڑیوں کے ساتھ ایک ریفلیکٹو جیکٹ ہونی چاہیے تاکہ اگر حادثے یا خرابی کی صورت میں ڈرائیور کو گاڑی چھوڑنی پڑے تو وہ نظر آئے۔

The vertical obligation sign R-404 shown in the image indicates that all drivers of automobiles, except for motorcycles without sidecar, are obligated to travel on the road whose entrance is posted with this sign.

All drivers of motor and non-motor vehicles are required to submit to tests given for the detection of possible intoxication by alcohol when asked by a traffic officer. Furthermore, in case of a positive result on the part of the driver upon taking the test, the officer can proceed with the immediate immobilization of the vehicle.

تمام موٹر اور غیر موٹر گاڑیوں کے ڈرائیوروں کو ٹریفک افسر کے کہنے پر الکحل کی ممکنہ نشے کی جانچ کے لیے ٹیسٹ دینا ضروری ہے۔ مزید یہ کہ اگر ٹیسٹ کے نتیجے میں ڈرائیور کا جواب مثبت آتا ہے، تو افسر فوراً گاڑی کو روک سکتا ہے۔

Motorcycles must circulate, both day and night in all kind of roads, with position and dipped headlight on, and it is generally the motorcycle manufacturers who do not allow motorcycle drivers to turn off these lights for safety reasons.

Sideways movements shall be warned using the direction indicator light corresponding to the side towards which it is going to be made, or the arm, in horizontal position with the palm of the hand extended downwards, if the displacement is going to be towards the side that the hand indicates, or bent upwards, also with the palm of the hand extended, if it is going to be towards the opposite side.
In manoeuvres involving a lateral displacement, this is the one that is exclusively warned, so the warning shall end as soon as the vehicle has adopted its new trajectory.

When riding a motorcycle on a two-way road, parking is required on the right side in the direction of travel. However, on a one-way road, parking is permitted on either the left or right side without restriction.

The vehicle’s technical inspection card certifies that it meets the necessary technical conditions to drive, and it is always obligatory for all motor vehicles, mopeds, and trailers and semitrailers, light or otherwise. In addition to passing technical inspection, you must provide all necessary documentation for the trailer and its corresponding tow ball hitch

گاڑی کا تکنیکی معائنہ کارڈ تصدیق کرتا ہے کہ یہ چلانے کے لیے ضروری تکنیکی حالات پر پورا اترتی ہے، اور یہ تمام موٹر گاڑیوں، موپیڈز، اور ٹریلرز اور سیمی ٹریلرز، ہلکے یا بھاری، کے لیے ہمیشہ لازم ہے۔ تکنیکی معائنہ پاس کرنے کے علاوہ، آپ کو ٹریلر اور اس کے متعلقہ ٹو بال ہچ کے لیے تمام ضروری دستاویزات فراہم کرنا ہوں گی۔

The traffic light to the left should only be obeyed by those who turn left or go straight ahead, so the green and red vehicle must stop.

Whenever you are driving your vehicle on an icy road, you should reduce your speed and use the highest gear possible, accelerating gently and evenly. It is not advisable to change gears at high speeds as this can cause the wheels of the vehicle to skid.

Video Explanation

There are several factors that can accelerate the wear of our vehicle’s tires beyond normal. Among them are the temperature of the environment or the asphalt, which will cause greater wear of the tread against higher sea. Also if we overload our vehicle above the maximum load rating of the tire, drive at high speed or on a bad asphalt will make the wear higher than usual.

Among the possible offences that can lead a traffic officer to immobilise a motorcycle are riding without a safety helmet on or with it badly fastened, exceeding gas, smoke and noise levels or not having compulsory insurance for the vehicle.

ان ممکنہ خلاف ورزیوں میں سے جن کی وجہ سے ٹریفک افسر موٹرسائیکل کو روک سکتا ہے، شامل ہیں: بغیر سیفٹی ہیلمٹ کے سواری کرنا یا ہیلمٹ کو صحیح طریقے سے نہ باندھنا، گیس، دھوئیں اور شور کی حد سے تجاوز کرنا یا گاڑی کے لیے لازمی انشورنس نہ ہونا۔

As a general rule, it is not allowed to stop or park on the passable shoulder of a road outside a populated area.

As an exception, it is allowed to do so on the free shoulder on a cross-town route, inside an urban area, as long as the shoulder is practicable and paved and there is no vertical sign prohibiting it.

The compulsory insurance will only cover the driver’s civil liability against third parties, but not personal injury or property damage suffered by the driver or his car when the driver is at fault in the accident.
Thus, it will cover the damages caused to the driver who has not caused the accident and also those of his vehicle.

Motorcycles and cars will be exempt from passing the technical vehicle inspection (MOT) for the first 4 years after registration.

After this first inspection, they must pass it every two years until the vehicle is 10 years old. From that moment on, the inspection will be annual.

If there is no other signage on the road indicated otherwise, the speed limit on motorways and dual carriageways outside of town limits is 120 kilometers per hour for passenger cars and motorcycles. This limit cannot be increased, and cannot be exceeded even when you wish to overtake.

Stopping or parking in dangerous places or in places that seriously obstruct traffic shall be considered as stopping or parking on medians, dividers, traffic islands or other traffic channelling elements.

Stopping or parking in these places is strictly forbidden.