Exam 99اِگزیم

If we find two vertical signs of the same class on the road, as in the case of the image, we are obliged to obey both of them, since they are not contradictory but complementary.

In this case, the upper sign indicates that stopping is prohibited, while the lower sign indicates that stopping and parking are both prohibited.

The main function of the front fog light is to improve lighting of the road in case of fog, rain or snow, and so you may use this light in the situation in the image. However, you cannot use the rear fog light, since this may only be used when meteorological conditions are particularly unfavourable, as in the case of thick fog or heavy snow.

Traffic regulations state that it is not a good idea to drive in parallel with a two-wheeled vehicle like a moped or motorcycle, except when overtaking, and always taking into account rules regarding lateral separation, execution of the manoeuvre, speed, etc. Only bicycles and two-wheeled mopeds may drive in parallel, always taking into account the circumstances of the road and traffic.

The vertical obligation sign R-407B for roads reserved for mopeds shown in the image indicates that drivers of mopeds are required to use the road at whose entrance the sign is placed, and also that all other road users are forbidden from entering and using it.

Traffic regulations state that it is completely prohibited to overtake in marked pedestrian crossings, in intersections with bicycle lanes, in level crossings and their vicinity. This prohibition is not applicable when you are overtaking two-wheeled vehicles which, due to their small size, do not impede lateral visibility, at a level crossing or in its vicinity.

Although the traffic law requires that vehicles traveling in a VAO lane carry a minimum of two occupants, there is an exception in which only one passenger is allowed to circulate:
In the case of vehicles destined for handicapped persons displaying the V-15 sign (which refers to physically handicapped drivers and you can see in the image), and for 2-wheel motorcycles, which may also circulate in the BUS-VAO even if they do not carry a passenger.

Traffic signs that we find on the road must always be obeyed even if they seem to contradict the general rules of the road.

If there is a situation in which the rules dictate one thing and the signs another, we will always pay attention to the signs.

On an interurban road, cycles and two-wheeled mopeds that want to turn left, if there is no special lane to make that turn, must leave the road on the right side of the road and make the turn from there.

When a vehicle skids, the first step is to stop braking immediately to regain control. Braking while skidding can worsen the situation by locking the wheels, making it harder to steer. By releasing the brakes, maintaining a firm grip on the steering wheel, and steering smoothly, the driver can recover control and bring the vehicle back on track.

Video Explanation

Explanation:

At a speed less than 15 km/h: Correct
The Rear Cross Traffic Alert (RCTA) system is designed to assist drivers when reversing by detecting cross traffic approaching from the sides. In some vehicles, RCTA is integrated with an automatic braking feature that intervenes if a potential collision is detected and the driver does not respond to warnings. This braking intervention is typically active at low reversing speeds, such as below 15 km/h (9 mph) in Volvo vehicles.
At a speed less than 30 km/h: Reversing at speeds approaching 30 km/h is uncommon and unsafe. RCTA with braking intervention is calibrated for lower speeds to match typical reversing behavior.
At a speed less than 50 km/h: Reversing at such high speeds is highly unusual and dangerous. RCTA systems are not designed for these speeds. The braking intervention feature of RCTA operates below 15 km/h, ensuring safe reversing practices.

Vertical entry prohibition sign R-114 shown in the image, prohibits the entry of cycles to the road where the sign is located.
It shall not prohibit the entry of other vehicles with or without engine.

If the foot brake fails while driving at high speed (100 km/h), the safest way to stop the vehicle is by gradually downshifting to lower gears. This technique, called engine braking, slows down the vehicle without relying on the foot brake. Once the speed is significantly reduced, the handbrake can be used carefully to bring the vehicle to a complete stop.

A strong smell of gasoline inside or around your vehicle is a serious safety concern. It could indicate:
A fuel leak, which poses a fire or explosion risk.
A faulty fuel injector or damaged fuel line, leading to inefficiencies or dangerous fuel vapor buildup.
An evaporative emissions system issue, which could cause harmful fumes to enter the cabin.

Ignoring the smell and continuing to drive is extremely dangerous, as gasoline is highly flammable. Stopping in a safe location and seeking professional assistance is the safest course of action.

In an emergency situation that forces you to immobilize your vehicle on the shoulder of the road, such as in the case of a breakdown, you must signal your immobilization by placing two hazard warning triangles on all types of roads, at least 50 meters from the vehicle and such that they are visible from at least 1 00 meters away. You should also turn on your emergency lights and, if necessary, the vehicle’s position lights.

Drivers of animal-drawn vehicles, special vehicles with maximum authorized mass less than 3500 kilograms, cycles, mopeds, and vehicles for people with reduced mobility cannot overtake other vehicles traveling on the shoulder if the vehicles will be in parallel for more than 15 seconds or for a distance of more than 200 meters.

Signals and instructions given by officers are always mandatory and must be followed immediately by drivers and other road users. These take precedence over any other traffic signals and rules, even if they conflict with them.

A solid green light from a circular traffic light for vehicles indicates that you are allowed to go and that you have right of way over other vehicles and pedestrians. However, you should not enter the intersection regulated by the traffic light if you think you could get blocked in the intersection.

A category B driving license allows the holder to drive:
Passenger cars (up to 3,500 kg and a maximum of 9 seats, including the driver).
Mopeds (two-, three-, or four-wheeled) with a maximum speed of 45 km/h and an engine capacity of up to 50cc (if petrol) or 4 kW (if electric).

However, a category B license does NOT allow the driver to operate:
Motorcycles above 125cc, which require a category A or A2 license.
Vehicles requiring a category A license, such as larger motorcycles.

In the standard configuration of motorcycle controls, the throttle is located on the right handlebar grip and is controlled by twisting it with the right hand. This allows the rider to accelerate smoothly while maintaining control of the handlebars.

Tranquilizers, also known as anxiolytics, are used to treat nervous disorders. They induce drowsiness, relax muscles, and can make movement difficult. Many of these sedative medications continue to cause drowsiness for several hours after consumption, meaning they can have lingering effects in the early morning, even if taken the previous night.

Video Explanation

Explanation:

Have better view of the rear: Correct
The primary purpose of a reversing camera is to improve the driver’s visibility of the area directly behind the vehicle, enhancing safety by helping the driver avoid obstacles, pedestrians, or other hazards.
Carry out the parking manoeuvre quickly and safely: While it helps with parking, the camera’s focus is on safety and precision, not speed.
Being able to circulate more than 15 meters to make a parking lot: This is irrelevant to a reversing camera, which is designed only for assisting with reversing, not for covering distances or navigating parking lots.

The load protruding from the front of a vehicle shall not be marked during daylight hours, but shall be marked at night or in poor visibility hours, with a white light and a white reflective panel that shall be placed on the protruding part.

When making a tight turn at a slow speed on a motorcycle, stability is reduced because the gyroscopic effect (which helps keep the bike upright) is weak at low speeds. In this situation:

Using the front brake can be dangerous because it can cause the front wheel to lock up, leading to an immediate loss of balance and a fall.

Instead of using the front brake, riders should rely on smooth throttle control and light rear brake application to maintain stability during the turn.

Video Expanation

Explanation:

Of the cameras installed on the periphery of the vehicle: Correct
The 360-degree camera system in vehicles simulates an overhead (bird’s-eye) view of the car using images captured from multiple cameras installed around the vehicle. These cameras are strategically positioned to provide a full view of the surroundings. Here’s how it works:
Camera Placement:
Front camera: Mounted near the grille or logo.
Rear camera: Integrated into the trunk or tailgate.
Side cameras: Installed on the underside of the side mirrors.
Image Stitching: The images captured by these cameras are processed and digitally “stitched” together by the vehicle’s system to create a single, seamless overhead view. This simulation makes it easier for the driver to see obstacles around the vehicle, especially in tight spaces.
From a satellite: The images do not come from satellites. Satellites provide large-scale geographic views, not real-time, vehicle-specific perspectives.
There is no system that simulates a zenithal plane of the vehicle: This is incorrect because 360-degree camera systems, also known as Surround View or Bird’s-Eye View systems, are widely available in modern vehicles and are specifically designed to simulate a top-down view.

When a vehicle equipped with this feature approaches too closely to another car ahead, the system activates an audible or visual alert to notify the driver.

Question marks on a conventional road show the possible directions that can be accessed by taking the immediate exit to another conventional road. They also indicate the direction and number of the conventional road. When the immediate exit leads to a motorway or highway, the sign on the right will be blue instead of white.

A passable area of the shoulder refers to a part of the road shoulder that is open and usable for traffic, emergency vehicles, or breakdowns. Stopping or parking in such an area can create hazards, obstruct traffic flow, and prevent emergency access.

Stopping can cause sudden disruptions, leading to accidents, especially if another vehicle needs to use the shoulder.
Parking for an extended period can block access and create safety risks for other road users.

When overtaking large vehicles like trucks and buses with a right crosswind, the screen effect comes into play. As we align with the truck’s height, our vehicle will be pushed toward it. This happens because the truck forms a protective barrier that nullifies the lateral wind force and the pressure we had been applying to the steering wheel. This force disappears while both vehicles are parallel, but it will reappear once the overtaking manoeuvre is completed.

Video Explanation

Warning the driver and if he ignores it, taking control of the vehicle to stop it: Correct
AEB enhances safety by assisting the driver when a collision risk is detected. Here’s how it works:
Warning the Driver: When a collision risk is detected, the system alerts the driver with audible, visual, or tactile signals, giving the driver time to react.
Taking Control if Necessary: If the driver fails to respond, AEB automatically applies the brakes to reduce the collision’s severity or avoid it altogether.
It will act by taking control of the direction of the vehicle and performing an evasive manoeuvre: It is incorrect because AEB only applies the brakes, not controls the vehicle’s direction or evasive manoeuvres. Directional control is managed by other systems like AES.
It will emit rapid flashing stop lights when the brakes are applied hard in an emergency situation: It is incorrect because Flashing brake lights may be present in some vehicles, but this is not part of the AEB system, which focuses on collision detection and braking.

Braking distance is the distance covered by a vehicle from the moment the driver starts to brake until the vehicle comes to a complete stop. This distance depends on the speed at which you are driving, the condition of the tires and the condition of the road, among other things. If there is snow or ice on the road, it will have less traction and the braking distance will increase because the tires will not grip the asphalt as well as they would if the road were dry.