Exam 12اِگزیم

The Road Traffic Regulations define detention as the momentary immobilization of a vehicle due to an emergency (breakdown), traffic needs (traffic jam) or to comply with a regulatory precept (giving way). In short, it is the immobilization of a vehicle due to traffic needs.

Any motor vehicle or moped that is driving on urban or interurban roads between sunset and sunrise, or any time of day in a tunnel, underpass or section affected by a “tunnel” sign, must always use their low beam headlights in addition to the position lights.

If due to an emergency or traffic congestion your vehicle breaks down or gets stopped inside a tunnel, and you predict that this immobilization will last for more than two minutes, you should turn off the engine and turn it back on when traffic begins flowing again, while always leaving your position lights turned on.

The use and manipulation of electronic devices such as the radio or cell phone while driving, whether hands-free or not, poses a great risk to the road safety of road users as they can lose attention to what is happening on the road.
That is why we will always try to avoid using the cell phone while driving even with hands-free.

Among other effects, fatigue at the wheel causes drowsiness in the driver, causing micro-sleeps, increased reaction time and increased distraction while driving. You should be alert and stop if necessary, because with fatigue, sleep can appear suddenly, endangering everyone on the road.

Whenever you encounter a dashed white longitudinal road marking with the lines very close together, it means that you are approaching a continuous line road marking, with the prohibitions that this marking entails, or it indicates the proximity of a section of road that presents a special risk or is dangerous.

The ABS anti-lock braking system (ABS), is a braking system that will prevent the wheels from locking and skidding when braking, thus causing the vehicle to not only brake optimally, but the vehicle will remain stable and we will be able to turn while braking.

Reversible lanes are those which are formed by dashed double lines on both sides, in which traffic may be regulated and controlled in one direction or the other using lane specific traffic lights. Whenever you drive in this type of lane, you should follow the indications of the traffic light that is regulating that lane.

With the agent with extended arms, all users who cut off the direction indicated by the arms, i.e. all those who approach from in front of and behind the agent, must be stopped.

Traffic regulations establish that passenger cars towing a trailer up to 750 kilograms (light trailer) may not exceed a maximum speed of 90 kilometers per hour on motorways and dual carriageways.
If towing a trailer with M.A.M. greater than 750 kilograms (non-light trailer), the maximum speed at which they can drive on these types of roads will be also 90 km/hour.

Article 39 of the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety states that stopping and parking in areas marked for the exclusive use of the disabled and at pedestrian crossings is prohibited. This law also establishes that it will be a serious infraction to stop or park in these reserved spaces, which could be sanctioned with fines of up to 200 euros.

Vehicles driving in a lane changed to the opposite direction of travel from the usual must always use at least the low-beam or dipped headlights, both during the day and at night, obligatorily. The maximum speed that cannot be exceeded in these lanes is 80 kilometers per hour, and if you are driving in this lane, you cannot move to the side and invade the lane or lanes moving in the opposite direction, not even to overtake other vehicles.

R-1 vertical priority sign shown in the image obliges all drivers to yield the right-of-way at the next intersection to vehicles traveling in the lane they are approaching or in the lane they intend to enter.

One of the functions of GPS navigation systems is to advise you of the best route and indicate the speed at which you are driving to help you monitor it. Despite this, drivers should always check the speedometer as a primary source of information on the speed at which you are driving, and use their best judgment as to the condition of the road and signage, which prevails over what the GPS says.

Drivers of vehicles traveling on highways and expressways are prohibited from picking up hitchhikers in a toll area and must disregard requests for passengers on any stretch of highway or expressway, including toll station forecourts.
In addition, pedestrian traffic is also prohibited on highways and freeways.

The line on the edge of the roadway separates the roadway from the shoulder. It is not considered a longitudinal line for the purposes of driving, meaning that, even if it is a solid, continuous line, it can be crossed to drive on the shoulder when necessary and when circumstances permit.

Use of the rear fog light is only permitted when meteorological or environmental conditions on the road are especially unfavorable, such as in the case of thick fog, heavy rain or snow or dense clouds of dust or smoke. Their use is not permitted in any other circumstances, even in areas with many curves at night.

The end of prohibition vertical sign R-506 that we see in the image, indicates us the place where it ends and from where a previous vertical sign of “Minimum speed” is no longer applicable.

One of the most common symptoms in people who suffer from respiratory allergies is constant sneezing and runny nose. These symptoms cause a driver to have decreased ability to concentrate on driving because they must attend to their symptoms, occasionally taking their eyes off the road.

When we find a beacon sign or warning light on the road on which we are driving, consisting of a fixed red light, we will say that we are in front of a barrier device indicating that the roadway on which it is located will be totally closed to traffic for all types of vehicles.

The vertical sign S-500 indicates that you have entered a town and that from that point on the rules for urban routes apply.
The Traffic Regulations state that a maximum speed limit of 50 km/hour will be established in general for all vehicles on urban roads and crossroads, so all vehicles must obey this rule.

On bus lane sections where the white longitudinal marking is a broken line, cars are allowed to use it to perform a manoeuvre other than stopping, parking, overtaking or changing the direction of travel, with preference always given to buses and cabs.
Therefore, in this case, we cannot use the bus lane to overtake other vehicles.

Whenever we find a series of blue dashed or continuous road markings on the road we are driving on, such as those shown in the image, these markings delimit a parking area or a stretch of road where the parking period is limited to certain periods of the day and the driver must visibly indicate the starting time by means of a ticket.

The minimum speed that passenger cars and motorcycles can travel at is 60 kilometers per hour on motorways and dual carriageways; and 45 kilometers per hour on conventional highways no matter what the wide of the shoulder is. So, in this case, the minimum speed that a passenger car can travel at would be 45 kilometers per hour.
Remember that with the last change of regulation January 2019, the maximum speed on conventional roads is unified and the wide of the shoulder doesn’t matter anymore.

If we find two vertical signs of the same class on the road, as in the case of the image, we are obliged to obey both of them, since they are not contradictory but complementary.
In this case, the upper sign indicates that stopping is prohibited, while the lower sign indicates that stopping and parking are both prohibited.

When a road user is involved in a traffic accident, after protecting ourselves and the others involved to avoid further damage, we must alert the authorities and notify the name and personal details of those involved in the accident whenever possible. Under no circumstances will we try to return things to their normal state or to transfer the injured in our vehicle, as this must be done by the health authorities.

Animals should travel as close to the right-hand edge of the road as possible to minimize interference with traffic, reducing the risk of accidents and ensuring both their safety and that of drivers.

All social agents should cooperate to reduce traffic accidents because coordinated efforts among drivers, pedestrians, law enforcement, and policymakers can lead to better road safety measures, awareness campaigns, and adherence to traffic regulations, ultimately decreasing the likelihood of accidents.

Whenever you talk on a mobile phone while driving, whether you use a hands-free device or not, it causes a visual, auditory and cognitive distraction that leads to a greater risk of accident for a driver than if they were not using a phone. Handling or paying excessive attention to a mobile phone can be a serious danger to road safety, which is why you should abstain from using it while driving.

The use of seat belts is obligatory for the driver and passengers of seats equipped with seat belts or other approved retention devices in vehicles designed for transport of goods and in mixed vehicles on all types of roads, both in and out of town.